Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Revision Week > MSK > Flashcards

MSK Flashcards

1
Q

What would symmetrical small joint swelling suggest?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the categories of inflammatory arthritis?

A

Seropositive
Seronegative
Infectious
Crystal induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the seropositive arthritis?

A 
RA
Lupus
Sclerodema 
Vasculitis
Sjorgens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the seronegative arthritis?

A

Ankylosing spondylitis
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Inflammatory bowel disease arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the ‘S factor’?

A

Stiffness
Swelling
Squeezing is painful = an inflammatory arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do we diagnose RA?

A

History and clinical exam
Inflammatory markers (CRP,plasma viscosity)
Autoantibodies
Imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which auto-antibody is most specific for RA?

A

Anti-CCP antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Treatment for RA?

A

Early recognition and diagnosis
Early treatment with DMARDS
Tight control with target of remission Patient education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the description of uric acid crystals as seen under polarised light microscopy?

A

Negatively birefringent, needle shaped crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 main crystal arthropathies?

A 
Gout 
Pseudogout (Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does gout present?

A

Intense pain, redness and swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do CPPD uric acid crystals appear?

A

Rhomboid shaped and weakly positive birefringent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name key features of OA on X-ray?

A 
Loss of joint space
Osteophyte formation 
Subchondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts
- remember LOSS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of arthritis has periarticular erosions?

A

RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In a patient with fibromyalgia, what blood abnormalities would you expect to see?

A

No abnormality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Would morphine sulfate be a suitable treatment for fibromyalgia?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Treatment for fibromyalgia?

A 
Use atypical analgesics (amitriptyline, gabapentin)
Graded exercise programmes
CBT
Paracetamol
NOT STEROIDS
18
Q

What can precipitate fibromyalgia?

A

Emotional or physical trauma

19
Q

Best investigation when you suspect septic arthritis?

A

Synovial fluid analysis and culture

20
Q

Symptoms of septic arthritis?

A

Often a normal joint with previous trauma.

Fever, erythema, warm affected joint. Decreased range fo motion, severe pain when bearing weight

21
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome caused by?

A

Compression of the median nerve as it travels under the flexor retinaculum

22
Q

Why does pregnancy predispose to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

A

Increased oedema causes a narrowing of the carpal tunnel, predisposing entrapment of the median nevrve

23
Q

Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Numbness, paresthesia in median nerve distribution (thumb, index, middle and radial half of ring finger)

24
Q

Treatment of CTS?

A

Splint the wrist or local corticosteroids

25
Q

What are the common sites of compartment syndrome?

A

Calf
Forearm/hand
Foot
Thigh/buttock

26
Q

Signs of compartment syndrome?

A 
Disproportionate pain
Pain on passive stretch of compartment.
Parasethesia 
Pallor
Pulselessness (late sign)
27
Q

Treatment for compartment syndrome?

A

Fasciotomy

28
Q

Which nerve is most likely to be displaced secondary to a Colle’s fracture?

A

Median

29
Q

What is the most suitable treatment for a displaced distal fibular fracture with talar shift?

A

Open reduction, internal fixation (ORIF)

30
Q

When would external fixation be used?

A

Temporary fixation of open injuries or severe soft tissue/bone loss

31
Q

What are the goals of fracture management?

A

Restore joint surfaces

Restore alignment, length and rotation

32
Q

If the bone is displaced ….

A

Reduce it (open or closed) and stabilise

33
Q

If the bone isn’t displaced and is stable…

A

Use a splint/cast

34
Q

If the bone isn’t displaced but also isn’t stable…

A

Stabilise it with wires

35
Q

How does fat embolism syndrome present>

A

Hypoxia
CNS depression
Pulmonary oedema
Petechial rash

36
Q

What is fat embolism syndrome?

A

Caused by inflammatory response to embolised fat globules. Fat and marrow are embolised in the blood stream during acute long bone fracture or intramedullary instrumentation

37
Q

What tests are used to test for ACL injury?

A

Lachman

ACL draw test

38
Q

What tests are used to test for PCL injury?

A

Posterior draw test

39
Q

When is dynamic hip screw used?

A

Extra-capsular fractures

40
Q

What do intra-capsular fractures carry a high risk of?

A

AVN

especially if displaced so are often replaced

Revision Week (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions