Renal Flashcards
What urolith is suspected to be a transitional form of struvite?
Amorphous magnesium calcium phosphate has been found to be a common urolith in small ruminants and potbellied pigs.
Uroliths visually identified by clinicians as being suggestive of struvite (white to beige, gritty) could in fact be pure or combination stones of calcium‐containing AMCP with or without struvite.
10.1111/jvim.14743
What were some factors that led to increased survival rates in small ruminants with urolithiasis?
Overall, intact animals <4 years of age with clinical signs of ≤24 hours’ duration, normal BCS, normal demeanor, no free fluid in the abdomen, and no uroliths visible on radiographs were significantly more likely to survive.
10.1111/jvim.15336
What are the top two differentials for hematuria and stranguria in horses?
Neoplasia and idiopathic hemorrhagic cystitis.
10.1111/jvim.15121
What is idiopathic hemorrhagic cystitis assoc. with on cystoscopy? What is the prognosis?
Idiopathic hemorrhagic cystitis is a newly described cause of hematuria and stranguria in horses, associated with the presence of proliferative, hemorrhagic bladder mucosa on cystoscopy. Affected horses should be reevaluated in 2–4 weeks, because they have an excellent prognosis.
10.1111/jvim.15121
In a study characterizing the urine of healthy cows, did creatinine differ between beef and dairy cows?
Creatininuria is higher in beef than in dairy cows.
10.1111/jvim.15452
In healthy animals, creatinine excretion into the urine depends on what?
In healthy animals, creatinine excretion into the urine depends on the glomerular filtration of plasma creatinine resulting from muscle creatine‐phosphate breakdown, with no or limited tubule reabsorption or secretion according to species.
10.1111/jvim.15452
In humans and dogs, it has been shown that the development of acute kidney injury in hospitalization is assoc. with increased morbidity and nonsurvival. Does this occur in horses as well?
However, the presence of azotemia within 24 hours of admission or the development of an AKI while hospitalized did not affect survival to discharge in this population of horses.
10.1111/jvim.15569
In humans and dogs, it has been shown that there is age-associated reduction in functional renal mass. Does the same occur in horses?
In conclusion, GFR was significantly reduced in aged horses with serum creatinine ≥1.5 mg/dL compared to aged horses with creatinine <1.5 mg/dL and to young horses. Although serum creatinine, serum urea, and USG remain the most commonly used parameters for the diagnosis of CKD in equine medicine, GFR evaluation should be encouraged, particularly in aged horses.
10.1111/jvim.15642
Other than Corynebacterium renale, what is another differential for beef cattle with pyelonephritis and clinical signs of anorexia and weight loss?
Clostridium cystitidis
10.1111/jvim.15844
