Renal Flashcards
IgA nephropathy
Classically few days after URTI with nephritic syndrome. Caused by mesangial IgA complex deposition leading to glomerulonephritis
IgA neohropathy like presentation with leucocytoclasic vasculitic rash
Henoch scholein purpura
Most common type of glomerulonephritis
Membranoproliferative - presents as nephrotic syndrome
Post streptococcal glomerular nephritis
After a strep infection, characterised by immune complex (IgG, IgM and C3) deposition and nephritic syndrome esp in children
Minimal change disease
Classically presents with nephrotic syndrome in kids with little histological change in kidneys. May see effacement of foot (podocyte) processes on electron microscopy
Most common primary nephrotic syndrome in adults
Membranous nephropathy. Spike and dome appearance on silver staining, PLA2 association
Goodpastures disease
And GBM antibodies attack both lung and glomerular basement membrane. Presents with AKI and haemoptysis and nephritic syndrome. Type II hypersensitivity
Drugs linked to acute interstitial nephritis
Penicillin, rifampicin, NSAIDs, allopurinol, furosemide
Classic finding in acute tubular necrosis and main causes
Muddy brown casts in urine.
Main causes are ischaemia, rhabdomyalysis, NSAIDs, lithium, contrast agents, fat embolism
CK in rhabdo
> 10000
Nephritic syndrome
Haematuria, oliguria, proteinuria (<3G in 24h)
Nephrotic syndrome
Heavy proteinuria (>3.5g a day), hypoalbuminaemia, hyper cholesterol, children have periorbital oedema and adults have peripheral oedema
Effect of alcohol on renal system
Suppresses ADH - increased water excretion
Membranous nephropathy presentation and pathology
Nephrotic syndrome associated with anti PLA2 antibody
Hydrocele distinction
Mass that transilluminates and able to get above it. Should e investigated with USS to exclude tumour in young men
