Renal Flashcards
Increased BUN/creatinine without clinical signs
Azotemia
Increased BUN/creatinine with clinical signs
Uremia
Ways to become PU/PD
- Loss of medullary gradient/medullary washout
- Decreased ADH
- ADH resistance
- Iatrogenic
- Psychogenic
How does anemia result from chronic renal failure?
Chronic kidney injury causes decrease production of erythropoietin
Causes of increased BUN
Low GFR
High protein diet
Hemorrhage in GI tract
Increased protein catabolism
Pre-renal azotemia
Caused by dehydration and decreased GFR
Will have high USG, high PCV, high TP (everything will be more concentrated)
Renal azotemia
Seen when 75% of functional renal mass is lost
Urine will not be adequately concentrated (dec. USG)
Post-renal azotemia
Caused by obstruction (will have inc. K+, dec. Na+)
USG is not helpful
Causes of decreased BUN
Hepatic failure/shunt
Low protein diet
Overhydration
Young animals
Causes of increased creatinine
Decreased GFR
Myoglobin release
Muscle damage
Causes of decreased creatinine
Muscle loss
Artifact of increased bilirubin
Pregnancy
If there are high levels of creatinine in abdominal fluid, you would suspect
Uroabdomen
Most common cause of Cl loss (when Na is normal)
GI: vomiting or sequestration
Acute renal failure
Toxic or ischemic damage to kidney Anuric or oliguric Increased K NOT anemic Guarded short-term, good long-term prognosis
Chronic renal failure
Cause is usually not identified PU/PD Decreased K Usually anemic Good short-term, poor long-term prognosis
