Protein Flashcards
What factors does serum lack due to clotting?
Fibrinogen
5
8
Three types of blood proteins
Albumin
Globulin
Fibrinogen
Where are most plasma proteins made?
Liver
Where are immunoglobulins made?
Lymphoid organs
What is the major colloidal particle contributing to colloid osmotic pressure?
Albumin (80%)
What happens when colloid osmotic pressure is decreased?
Fluid accumulates outside of vascular space (Edema/effusion)
Three ways proteins are lost
Catabolism
GI (PLE)
Renal (PLN)
When is fibrinogen icreased
Inflammation
Stress
When is fibrinogen decreased
DIC
What factors can affect protein concentration?
Age Diet Hormones Fluid balance Disease states
Positive acute phase proteins
Synthesis is increased in response to inflammatory cytokines
Negative acute phase proteins
Synthesis is decreased in response to inflammatory cytokines
Examples of positive acute phase proteins
CRP SAA Hp Ceruloplasmin a2-Macroglobulin a1-Acid glycoprotein Fibrinogen Complement
What is one of the major acute phase proteins of dog cat cow horse?
SAA
Examples of negative acute phase proteins
Albumin
Transferrin
Transthyretin
RBP
Why is albumin decreased with inflammation?
Allows greater amount of amino acids to be used for APP production
Mechanisms of hypoproteinemia
Decreased production
Increased loss
Sequestration
Dilution
Mechanisms of hyperproteinemia
Hemoconcentration
Hyperglobulinemia
High total protein with normal A:G ratio
Dehydration
High total protein with low A:G ratio
Hyperglobulinemia
What can cause decreased production of albumin?
Chronic hepatic failure
Inadequate protein intake or digestion
Hypergammaglobulinemia
What can cause increased loss of albumin?
PLE
PLN
Whole blood loss
Severe exudative skin wound
What can cause a sequestration of albumin?
Body cavity effusion
Vasculopathy
Iatrogenic dilution (IV fluid)
What can cause an increased loss of globulins?
PLE
Whole blood loss
