Renal Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal GFR

A

over 90

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2
Q

How to perform creatinine clearance test?

A

collect urine for 24hr in one container
- discard first urine specimen
- place on ice, if not throw away and start over

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3
Q

Chronic kidney failure symptoms

A
  • oliguria
  • increased hydrogen ions= metabolic acidosis
  • uremic frost and pruitis
  • creatine and BUN elevated
  • sodium, phosphorus, and k- elevated
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4
Q

treatment of high k

A

IV calcium gluconate- cardiac protection
IV dextrose 50 with insulin
Polystyrene Sulfonate- kayexalate

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5
Q

1 kilo of weight =

A

1 liter of fluid retained

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6
Q

drugs to avoid with renal failure

A

-NSAIDS
- Mycin anitibiotics
- CT contrast dye- assess creatinine before

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7
Q

foods to avoid for renal failure

A

potassium rich foods- green leafy veggies, melon, salt substitute,

phosphorus- dairy, chicken, tuna, seeds, beans

apples are a good option

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8
Q

Hemodialysis nursing interventions

A
  • feel for thrill and listen for bruit on fistula
  • no bp cuff or iv’s on fistula arm
  • weigh before doing hemodialysis
  • hold anti HTN meds- washes out meds and water soluble vitamins
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9
Q

Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome and key signs

A

Solutes are moved out of body to quickly from the blood which cause brain cells to swell with fluid= ICP

key signs: restlessness and disoriented
-treat by slowing or stopping dialysis then report

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10
Q

Fistula nursing interventions

A
  • squeeze or grib rubber ball
  • pitting edema normal at first
  • no tight clothing, jewelry
  • no bp or iv on arm
  • no creams or lotion
  • no lifting over 5lbs
    report:
  • pale color
  • parathesia
  • pulses diminished
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11
Q

Peritoneal dialysis and nursing interventions

A

peritoneal cavity is filled with hypertonic solution to pull out solutes

-weigh before
- warm solution
- sterile technique
- report fever, tachycardia, or cloudy drainage

  • monitor for resp distress- too much fluid too fast
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12
Q

Insufficient outflow for peritoneal dialysis

A

low or slow ouptut
- assess pt abdominal area
then assess device
reposition client to side lying

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13
Q

Urolithiasis or renal lithiasis

A

kidney stones

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14
Q

Shock wave lithotripsy

A

sends shockwaves to break up kidney stones
teach to increase fluids, normal findings include bruising, pain and bloody urine

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15
Q

Nephrolithotripsy or nephrolithotomy

nursing interventions and diet

A

needle suck into kidney to suction out large stones, stones can get clogged so irrigate with sterile normal saline

after procedure temporary tube and page placed for any loose stone fragment
stone and sediment collects at the bottom

teach to: report back pain, strain urine, encourage ambulating and never massage area

no protein or alcohol

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16
Q

Cystitis

A

UTI located in the bladder
urine culture needed

17
Q

Pylenephritis

A

UTI located in the kidneys
-Costovertebral tenderness- dull flank pain on sides of body that move towards umbilicus