Renal Flashcards
What is the difference between AKI and CKD?
AKI is reversible
What is kussmaul’s breathing?
Deep labored consistent breathing pattern. Usually occurs with a state of metabolic acidosis
Why are patients given phosphate binding meds and Ca?
ESRD makes excretion of phosphate more difficult and when there’s more phosphate, it decreases activation of vitamin D, which helps with calcium absorption. So calcium goes down. So Ca supplement is given too.
Treatment for ESRD?
Transplant or HD
What is azotemia?
Increased BUN(7-20mg/dl) is norm
What is AKI?
Sudden decrease in renal function, usually associated with kidney’s ability to concentrate urine, balance electrolytes and remove waste.
What is rhadomyolysis?
Muscle tissue breakdown that may lead to kidney damage. Myoglobin can cause renal tubule obstruction
What’s the clinical presentation of rhabod?
It presents like AKI!
Elevated BUN: creatine
Elevated serum CK
Metabolic acidosis
Myoglobinuria (maybe not this)
What are treatments for rhabod? (4)
- Fluids to flush kidneys
- Diuresis (alkaline?)
- iHD, CRRT
- Tx metabolic deragement
What does the AKI classification acronym, RIFLE, stand for?
Risk
Injury
Failure
Loss
ESRD
What are patient’s levels going to be like in each category? Fluid, Na,K, Phoshate, Ca, Mg
Fluid overload
HypoNa
HyperK
HyperP
HypoCa
HyperMg
What’s the difference between Diffusion and Osmosis?
Diffusion is movement of particles from an area of greater to area of less concentration.
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from an area of lesser to an areat of greater particle concentration.
Read: Renal health should always be assessed in blunt/penetrating trauma.
.
What electrolyte imbalance will most commonly accompany AKI?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypophosphatemia
D. Hypouricemia
A. Na will be diliuted by fluid overload.
Other answers would be elevated. Uric acid is too big of a molecule to be excreted.
What’s the normal range of osmolarity?
275-295 mOsm/L
