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Anatomy 2nd Year > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Vertebral level of the Kidneys

A

T12 - L3

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2
Q

What part of the kidneys lie on the transpyloric plane (L1)

A

Hilum

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3
Q

What Muscles do the kidneys lie on

A

Psoas major, minor and Quadratus Lamborum

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4
Q

What is the nerve supply to the kidneys

A

Sympathetic - T12 ; L1

Parasympathetic nerves - Vagus Nerves

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5
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the kidneys

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes - L1

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6
Q

Label this Diagram of the kindey

A 
A. Interlobular Arteries and Veins 
B. Renal A 
C. Renal Vein
D. Ureter 
E. Renal Pyramid 
F. Minor Calyx 
G. Major Calyx 
H. Renal Pelvis 
I. Renal Capsule
J. Renal Medulla 
K. Cortex
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7
Q

What would you find in the cortex of the kidney

A

Glomerulus, Proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule and a bit of the LOH

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8
Q

What do you find in the medulla of the Kidney

A

The LOH and Collecting duct

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9
Q

Where do the renal artery and vein come off (which artery and vertebral level)

A

Just below the Superior Mesenteric A and at vertebral level L1-2

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10
Q

Which renal A is longer and why

A

The right is longer as it needs to pass behind the IVC

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11
Q

Which Renal V is longer and why

A

The left renal vein is longer as the vein sits in front of the Aorta (and under the SMA)

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12
Q

Which Embryological structure forms the definitive kidney

A

Metanephros

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13
Q

What embryologically forms from the ureteric bud

A

Collecting system - Ureter, renal pelvis, major and minor calyx and collecting tubules

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14
Q

What embryologically forms from the metanephric blastema

A

PCT, DCT, LOH and glomerulus

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15
Q

What embryologically forms from the cloaca

A

Bladder and Urethra

also known at the urogenital sinus

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16
Q

What is this

A

Kidney, Cortex, Medulla - can see pyramid and collecting portion of kidney.

17
Q

What is this

A

Can see This is the cortex of the Kidney as can see the glomeruli with the bowman’s capsule.

18
Q

What is this histology image showing

A

It is showing the change from the cortex of the kidney to the medulla

19
Q

Which muscle does the ureter lie on

A

Psoas Major

20
Q

What crosses in front of the ureter in males

A

Vas Deferense (in pelvis) and Testicular arteries (in abdomen)

21
Q

What crosses over the ureter in females

A

the uterine and ovarian arteries and veins

22
Q

At what major vessel does the ureter cross superiorly

A

The location where the common iliac becomes the internal and external iliac

23
Q

What type of tissue is found in the bladder

A

Smooth Muscle

24
Q

What is the type of epithelium found in the bladder

A

Urothelial (transitional epithelium)

25
Q

What makes up the trigone of the bladder

A

2 ureteric orificies (meatus)

1 Internal urethral meatus

26
Q

What is the Median umbilical ligament

A

It is a ligament found at the apex of the bladder and it is a remnant of the Urachus which is where urine drained in the first trimester. (it connects to the umbilicus)

27
Q

What type of tissue if the external urethral sphincter

A

Skeletal muscle

28
Q

What is this

A

Ureter

29
Q

What is this

A

Urinary Bladder

30
Q

What is this

A

It is a female urethra

31
Q

What is the nerve roots of the lumbar plexus

A

L1 - L4

32
Q

Label this diagram

A 
Nerve Included: 
Illiohypogastirc 
Illioinguinal
Genitofemoral 
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous 
Obturator 
Femoral
33
Q

What are the nerve roots of the nerves of the lumbar plexus

A 
Illiohypogastric - T12 , L1
Illioinguinal - L1
Genitofemoral - L1, L2
Lateral femoral cutaneous - L2, L3
Obturator - L2, L3, L4
Femoral - L2, L3, L4
34
Q

what is the nerve root of the sacral plexus

A

S1 - S4

35
Q

What is the nerve root of the lumbosacral plexus

A

L4 - S4

36
Q

Label This diagram

A

Nerves to include

  • Superior gluteal N
  • Inferior gluteal
  • Sciatic
  • Posterior femoral cutaneous
  • Pudendal
37
Q

What are the nerves roots of the nerves found in the sacral plexus

A 
Superior gluteal - L4, L5, S1
Inferior gluteal - L5, S1, S2
Sciatic - L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Posterior femoral cutaneous - S1, S2, S3
Pudendal - S2, S3, S4
38
Q

What are the three constrictions of the ureter

A
  • pelvicureteric junction
  • Pelvic inlet
  • Uritovesical junction

Anatomy 2nd Year (4 decks)

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