Removal Of Waste And Water Control

Question 1

Name 2 waste products that have to be removed by the body

Answer 1

Co2 in respiration

Urea- produced by liver from amino acid break downs- removed by kidneys in urine and stored temporarily in bladder

Question 2

What happens if the water or iron content is wrong in the body

Answer 2

Too much water may move in/out of cells damaging them

Question 3

How do water and ions enter the body

Answer 3

Eat and drink

Question 4

How does a healthy kidney produce urine

5 steps

Answer 4

Filters blood

Reabsorbs sugar

Reabsorbing all the dissolved ions needed

Reabsorbing water needed

Release urea, excess ions and water as urine

Question 5

How does dialysis help kidney failure

Answer 5

Restores concentrations of dissolved substances in blood- carried out at regular intervals

Question 6

What happens in a dialysis machine

4 points

Answer 6

Blood flows between partially permeable membranes

Dialysis fluid contains same concentration of useful substances as blood

Ensures glucose and useful ions aren’t lost

Urea passes out blood and into
dialysis fluid

Question 7

What happens in a kidney transplant

Answer 7

Kidney replaced with healthy one

Donor kidney maybe rejected by immune system- precautions must be in place

Question 8

What happens when a persons immune system rejects a donor kidney

Answer 8

Antigens are proteins on surface of cells

Recipients antibodies can attack antigens in donor organ- doesn’t recognise part of body

Question 9

How to prevent rejection of transplanted kidney

Answer 9

Donor kidney with a tissue type similar to that of the recipient

Immune suppress drugs