Reminders! Flashcards
1
Q
sciatic nerve levels
A
L4-S3
2
Q
femoral nerve levels
A
L2-L4
3
Q
common peroneal nerve levels
A
L4-S1
4
Q
deep peroneal nerve levesl
A
L4-L5
5
Q
superficial peroneal nerve levels
A
L5-S1
6
Q
tibial nerve levels
A
S1-S2
7
Q
normal reflex #
A
2+
8
Q
AA joint (cervical spine) is what motion
A
rotation (50%)
9
Q
OA joint cervical spine motion
A
flexion/extension
10
Q
describe hoffman’s sign
A
UMN lesion - flick distal phalanx of middle finger. positive if IP of thumb moves
11
Q
ribs 1-6 what motion
A
pump handle
12
Q
7-10 ribs what motion
A
bucket handle
13
Q
8-12 ribs motion
A
calipers
14
Q
sternal notch is at what level
A
T3
15
Q
positive babinksi’s = what
A
big toe extension and splaying of other toes
16
Q
convex on concave =
A
roll and glide opposite
17
Q
concave on convex =
A
roll and glide same
18
Q
type 1 lumbar dysfunction: in neural, rotation and SB
A
are opposite
19
Q
type 2 lumbar in flexion or extension, rotation and SB are
A
in the same direction
20
Q
disc herniation in the cervical spine is most common at what level
A
C6
21
Q
which two structures pass between the anterior and middle scalenes?
A
brachial plexus and subclavian artery
22
Q
Myotome: C1-C2
A
occipital flex/ext
23
Q
Myotome: c2-c3
A
cervical LF/ext
24
Q
Myotome: c3-c4
A
shoulder shrug
25
Myotome: c5
shoulder abduction, ER
26
Myotome: c5-c6
elbow flexion, shoulder IR
27
Myotome: C6
elbow flexion, wrist extension
28
Myotome: c7
elbow extension, wrist flexion
29
Myotome:c8
extensor pollicics longus of distal phalanx
30
Myotome: t1
first dorsal interossei
31
sharp-purser test (which ligament and how to perform)
transverse ligament, stabilize SP of C2 and glide head/C1 posteriorly.
32
deltoid is innervated by what nerve
axillary n C5-6
33
supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular n c5-6
34
infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
35
teres minor innervation
axillary n
36
teres major innervation
lower subscapular nerve
37
attachment to greater tubercle of humerus (2)
pec major and teres minor
38
attachment to lesser tublercle of humerus 2
teres major and subscapularis
39
lat dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
40
rhomboid innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
41
trapezius innervation
spinal accessory nerve
42
innervation of serratus anterior
long thoracic nerve C5,6,7
43
ober test postition
knee flexed!!!
44
modified ober test
knee extended!
45
obers/modified obers tests for what
ITB and TFL tightness.
| Modified ober's knee extended takes out the rectus if it is tight
46
tibialis anterior innervation
deep peroneal nerve
47
peroneus longus attachmnet
base of the first MT and of the medial cuneiform
48
peroneus longus functions
plantar flexion and eversion
49
innervation of soleus and gastroc
tibial nerve
50
innervation of psoas major
lumbar plexus
51
iliacus innervation
femoral nerve
52
TFL innervation
superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
53
IR of hip 3
glut med, glut min, TFL
| glut med = anterior fibers IR, while posterior fibers ER
54
piriformis innervation
sacral plexus
55
ER of the hip (6)
piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus, obteratur externus, gemelii
56
glut min MMT
sidelying, abduction, no rotation. pressure is into adduction and slight extnesion
57
glut med MMT
position: sidelying, abduction with slight extension and slight ER. pressure is into adduction and slight flexion
58
central cord syndrome
UE more invovled than LE
| more motor deficits with central cord than sensory defictis
59
mechanism of injury of central cord syndrome
cervical hyperextension
60
anterior cord syndrome
due to hyperflexion
| loss of motor, pain, temp below the lesion due to damage to coritcospinal and spinothalamaic tracts
61
ASIA B - sensory incomplete what is intact
sensory is intact below the level of the lesion and extends through sacral segments S4-5. motor funtionbelow the lesion is not preserved
62
ASIA C
motor incomplete. motor function is preserved below the level of the lesion but muscle grades are <3
63
ASIA D
motor incomplete where motor function is preserved below the neuro level and mm grades are > or ewual to 3
64
ASIA E
normal
65
ASIA A
complete
66
first thing you do with SCI
mobilize the C spine!
67
determining motor level for ASIA scale
motor level for the asia scale is determined by the most caudal key muscles that have a strength of at least 3/5 with the superior segment having a normal strength or 5/5
68
determining sensory level for asia scale
the most caudal dermatome with a normal scle of 2/2 for pinprick and light touch
69
autonomic dysreflexia symptoms
- high blood pressure
- vasodilation above the level of the injury
- sweating
- headache
- blurred vision
- stuffy nose
- goose bumps below the lesion
70
autonomic dysreflexia do not put them in what position
do not lay them down because that will further elevate their BP!!! sit them up! common with T6 and above
71
tetraplegia/quadriplegia what segment of spinal cord
C1-C8
72
paraplegia what segments of SC
thoracic lumbar or sacral segments
73
cauda equina is damage to what nerves
damage to lumbosacral nerve roots
74
conus medullaris is damage to what
the sacral cord. often an L2 lesion
75
T/F cauda equina is a medical emergency
true!
76
what is neurogenic shock
severe autonomic dysfunction. interruption of the SNS
77
nuerogenic shock usually does not occur with lesions below what level
T6
78
s/s of neurogenic shock (remember the SNS is disrupted)
hpotension, bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation
79
if a patient with a SCI below T6 is hypotensive, consider it what until proven otherwise?
consider hemorrhagic until proven otherwise! probably not from neurogenci shock if their lesion is below T6
80
patients with injuries above T6 what happens with their baseline bp and HR
decreased!
81
define retrograde amnesia
the inability toe remember events before the injury
82
anterograde memory
the inability to create new memories
83
4 components of clubfoot
cavus (high arch)
forefoot adductus
hindfoot varus
equinus
84
erb-duchenne palsy is a lesion of what nerve roots
C5-6. Waiters tip. adducted, IR, wrist flexed, forearm pronated
85
klumpke paralysis is a lesion of which nerve roots
C8-T1. lose innervation of intrinsic hand mm's. claw hand. horner syndrome.
86
median nerve levels
C6-T1
87
ulnar nerve levels
C8 t1
88
radial nerve levels
C5-8
89
normal angle of inclination (hip) - through neck of femur and down shank of femur
normal = 125 degrees
90
coxa vara
< 125 degrees. more shear force in neck of femur, increased fracture risk, decreased abd rom
91
coxa valga
>125 degrees
92
normal angle of anteversion in adults
12-14 degrees. infants = 40 degrees
93
retroversion = angle and what do the feet do
<12 degrees, toe out
94
anteversion (large) = angle and what do feet do
toe in >15 degrees
