religious policies under Mary Flashcards
What were Mary I’s aims regarding religious changes?
- Undo the religious changes made since 1529
- Restore papal authority
- Restore traditional Catholic practices
- Re-establish monasteries
- End clerical marriage
- Persecute dissenters
- Secure a long-term future for Catholicism by marrying and having an heir
These aims reflect her intent to return England to Catholicism after the Protestant reforms.
What proclamation did Mary issue at the start of her reign?
She intended to proceed cautiously in religious matters
This proclamation was meant to reassure her subjects while indicating her Catholic intentions.
What significant event occurred when Mary was welcomed as queen?
Bells were rung and parliament opened with a mass, despite it being illegal
This indicates the initial enthusiasm for her return to Catholicism.
What did Parliament refuse to repeal in October 1553?
The Act of Supremacy
This Act had established the monarch as the head of the Church of England.
What was the outcome of the Act of Repeal passed by Parliament?
It undid the changes made under Edward and restored the situation to that of 1547 under the Act of Six Articles
This was a key step in Mary’s restoration of Catholicism.
What royal prerogative did Mary use to restore mass?
She suspended the Second Act of Uniformity
The restoration of mass did not provoke serious opposition initially.
What traditional Catholic practices were restored in the spring of 1554?
- Holy days
- Processions
- Ceremonies
These practices were part of the royal injunctions issued by Mary.
What was the initial response of Parliament to the restoration of heresy laws in April 1554?
Rejected until guarantees were given regarding former monastic lands
This resistance was likely due to factional conflicts rather than outright opposition to Mary’s policies.
What did the Second Act of Repeal accomplish?
It repealed all religious legislation passed since 1529
This was a significant legislative move towards restoring Catholicism.
What compromise did Mary have to make with landowners?
Guaranteed the rights of those who had bought Church land since 1536
This was important to secure support from influential landowners.
When were the heresy laws reintroduced, and when did burnings start?
Reintroduced in 1554, burnings started in February 1555
This marked a return to severe persecution of dissenters.
What measures did Cardinal Pole introduce to increase the appeal of Catholicism?
- Regular visitations by bishops
- Establishment of the London Synod
- New publications, including a Catholic New Testament
- Desire for seminaries in every diocese
These measures were aimed at reforming the Church and improving clerical standards.
What was stressed by the London Synod established by Cardinal Pole?
- Importance of priests being resident
- Ending of pluralism
This was part of the effort to improve the quality of the clergy.
What attempts were made to control Protestant literature?
- Increase availability of Catholic works
- Sponsoring of sermons at St Paul’s Cross
- Publication of writings by Catholic authors
These efforts were designed to counteract the spread of Protestant ideas.
