catholic persecution Flashcards
What was the most remembered policy of Mary, leading to her nickname ‘Bloody Mary’?
The reintroduction of the heresy laws
This policy resulted in nearly 300 burnings, including 51 women.
How many people were burned at the stake during Mary’s reign?
Nearly 300
This included both men and women, with most burnings occurring in the south-east.
Who was the first person burned under Mary’s reign?
John Rogers
His execution took place in February 1555.
What was John Foxe’s influential work regarding the burnings?
Acts and Monuments (1563), also known as The Book of Martyrs
This work shaped the understanding of the events and their opposition.
What did some historians argue about the impact of the burnings on the public?
The dedication of those being burned impressed some attendees, possibly leading to conversions
However, evidence supporting this claim is limited.
Who were Bishops Ridley and Latimer?
They were burned at Oxford in October 1555
Their deaths were significant events in the context of Catholic persecution.
What significant event occurred in March 1556?
The burning of Cranmer
His execution was controversial due to his prior support for Lady Jane Grey.
What was the consequence of Gardiner’s death in November 1555?
It removed a restraining influence on Mary, leading to increased persecutions
Approximately 274 people perished in the last three years of her reign.
How did local authorities react to the burnings?
They were often willing to enforce the law due to reports of victims
This highlights the local dynamics in the enforcement of the heresy laws.
Where did most of the burnings take place?
In the south-east of England
This area had the highest concentration of Protestants and was closer to London.
What were some factors that influenced the enforcement of heresy laws?
- The war against France in 1557
- JPs’ reluctance to enforce other laws
- Regular reminders to JPs to implement laws
These factors contributed to the complexities of local law enforcement.
True or False: The burnings were seen as spectacles by large crowds.
True
Many people attended the burnings, often viewing them as public events.
Fill in the blank: The Spanish ambassador expressed concern about the _______ of the burnings.
impact
He feared that the burnings would cause unrest in England.
What is the overall assessment of the burnings’ impact on Mary’s popularity?
Debatable
While the burnings were not a success, they likely did not lead to a complete disaster for her reign.
