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Sociology- Belifs > Religious Organisations > Flashcards

Religious Organisations Flashcards

1
Q

Churches and Sects- who talks about this?

A

Troeltsch and Wallis

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2
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- features of churches?

A

1) Bureaucratic and closely linked to the state
2) They are conservative
3) Integrate with social and economic structure of society
4) The are universalist with open membership
5) Intolerant and hegemonic
6) Make up the ecclesia of a country

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3
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis -1) Bureaucratic and closely linked to the state

A

Churches have a hierarchical power structure with paid officials, are wealthy and influence society

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4
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- They are conservative?

A

Churches accept the dominant norms of society and generally support the status quo helping maintain the current structure of society supporting its laws and values

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5
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- Integrate with social and economic structure of society?

A

Church members play a full and active part in social life

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6
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis -4) The are universalist with open membership

A

Churches welcome individuals from all parts of society and don’t require particular demonstrations of faith from their followers just a belief

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7
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis -5) Intolerant and hegemonic

A

Claim to have a monopoly on word truth

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8
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis -6) Make up the ecclesia of a country (Yinger)?

A

Church should be defined as part of Ecclesiastical of a particular country e.g. the C and E in England, Catholicism in Italy, Hinduism in India

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9
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 6 types of sects?

A

1)They are egalitarian
2)Radical in nature
3)They are withdrawal
4)Have closed/controlled membership exclusive
5)Intolerant of other
6)World Rejecting

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10
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 1)They are egalitarian?

A

Power distributed among followers even though they have charismatic leader

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11
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 2)Radical in nature?

A

Sects tend to reject the dominant norms of society replacing mainstream norms with their own set of beliefs and values

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12
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 3)They are withdrawal?

A

Members expected to withdraw from society and conventional life
Sects have tight control over members and live communally in own breakaway society’s

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13
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 4)Have closed/controlled membership exclusive?

A

Sects are self selective usually family tradition
Close knit communities and hostile suspicion of non members
E.g. Amish, Moonies, Black Muslims etc

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14
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 5)Intolerant of other?

A

Exclusive, make up a minority and attract people from marginalized positions in society

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15
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- 6)World Rejecting?

A

Typology of religious organisations
Highly critical of the outside world demanding significant lifestyle change from followers
Exercise complete control over members requiring high levels of commitment aiming to create social change and often conflict with the state

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16
Q

What do Stark and Bainbridge believe about sects?

A

Sects promise their members other worldly benefits like a place in heaven

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17
Q

According to Wilson what does he believe are the 6 types of sects?

A

1) Conversionist
2) Revolutionist
3) Introversionist
4) Manipulationist
5) Thaumaturgical
6) Reformist

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18
Q

Wilson- Conversionist?

A

The world is evil and needs to be saved by converting people to the truth path
E.g. The national of islam

19
Q

Wilson- revolutionist?

A

Foresee the end of the world or a second coming
These are often referred to as millenarian movements or Adventist’s e.g. Jehovahs witnesses, seventh day adventists

20
Q

Wilson- Introversionist?

A

Withdrawal from society, usually form seperate society’s e.g. Amish and Moonies

21
Q

Wilson- Manipulationist?

A

Offer a set of teachings or rituals for success in life e.g. Kabbalah

22
Q

Wilson- Thaumaturgical?

A

Offer miracles or magical healing from magical sources e.g. necromancy astrology

23
Q

Wilson- Reformist?

A

Desire change in society but not necessarily revolutionary e.g. quakerism

24
Q

What did Niebuhr believe about sects and cults?

A

Believed there are 2 fundamental organisations different to churches and sects
There are Denominations

25
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- Denominations 6 features?

A

-Beureaucratic and have divisions in authority and democratic
-Genrally conservative
-They integrate with social and economic structure of society
-Universalist with open membership inclusive
-They are tolerant of other denominations
-World accommodating

26
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis- Denomination Beureaucratic and have divisions in authority and democratic?

A

Denominations don’t always have a strict hierarchical structure and don’t always have links with the state

27
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis Denominations -Genrally conservative

A

Accept dominant norms but have restrictions like alcohol
Gambling more concerned with every day morality than other worldly

28
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis denominations -They integrate with social and economic structure of society?

A

Denominations members play a full & active part in social life they may reject a church

29
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis Denominations -Universalist with open membership inclusive

A

Despite being open denominations tend to rely on self selection (conversion)& family ties
Hardly ever a social majority as they under represent the W/C and U/C

30
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis Denominations-They are tolerant of other denominations

A

See themselves as one amongst many
No monopoly of the truth

31
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis -World accommodating?

A

Wallis ‘Typology of religious organisation’
Denominations are often breakaway movement from main churches
They do not reject the word or try to the world better, simply get on with the state of world and focus spiritually and religion rather than worldly affairs

32
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults- 6 definitions?

A

-Loose structures
-Oppetunity and success’s
-Continue normal lives
-Open membership and tolerant if other religions
-High class membership
-World affirming

33
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults- -Loose structures?

A

Cults tend to lack the rigid structures e.g. collective worship strict dogmas that other movements tend to have

34
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults -Oppetunity and success’s?

A

Cults offer individual advancement through spiritual teaching

35
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults
-Continue normal lives?

A

Cults have little control over their encourage their followers to integrate with world

36
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults-
-Open membership and tolerant if other religions?

A

cults are non exclusive and membership is open to all
Service sold as services

37
Q

Troeltsch and Wallis
-High class membership?

A

Members tend to have large incomes and are rarely form marginalised positions in society

38
Q

Troeltsch & Wallis Cults-
-World affirming?

A

Cults are similar to self help therapy groups in that they offer success and self improve my through spiritual teachings
Accept the world but aim to make individuals teaching world to be a better place

39
Q

Stark and Bainbridge view on cults?

A

Cults pro,ice their members this world benefits e.g. good health, economic, success

40
Q

Stark and Bainbridge 3 types of cults?

A

Audience cults
Client cults
Cultic movemements

41
Q

Stark and Bainbridge- Audience cults?

A

More individualistic and unorganised
Sustained through media e.g. astrology

42
Q

Stark and Bainbridge- Client cults?

A

More organised and provide service to clients e.g. clairvoyance and spiritualism

43
Q

Stark and Bainbridge- Cultic movement?

A

Almost like sects, offer spiritual and material rewards to followers like Scientology

Sociology- Belifs (16 decks)

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