Religion and Humanism Flashcards
What Church did most people belong to in Henry VII’s reign ?
- Catholic church
- Under jurisdiction of the pope in Rome
- Central to the lives of ordinary people, was their own religious experience
What was the function of the Parish Church ?
- Was the focus of religious experience
- Provided entertainment and festivals
- Its guilds and confraternities offered charity and a chance for people to contribute to their community
How did the Church help social and political elites maintain control ?
- Church’s encouragement of: good behaviour, obedience and stress on values of the community
- Provided employment
- Opportunity to advance themselves socially through attainment of high office in Church and State
What was the role of the pope in the church ?
- Church held by the pope in Rome
- Pope generally eager to grant favours demanded by the king
- Had no objection to how Henry used wealth church to reward churchmen
What was the relationship between the Church and State ?
- Erastian
- State had authority over the church
- Pope had little influence, king in control
How was the Church administered ?
- Through 2 provinces: Canterbury and York
- Each under jurisdiction of an archbishop
What was the position of the senior clergy ?
- positions of significent influence and power
- high in politics
- drawn from senior aristocracy
- usually had legal training
Who were the 2 most important churchmen ?
- John Morton
- Richard Fox
What was the role of abbotts ?
- heads of the wealthiest religious houses
- shared membership of the House of Lords with the bishops
- possessed management and admin skills
- demonstrated spirituality
How did the church control people ?
- upheld christian teaching
- provided a framework for controlling how people thought, reasoned and behaved
What did the church believe about reaching heaven ?
- An individual needed to acquire grace
- minimise the time the soul would spend in purgatory
- necessary to observe the 7 sacraments
- the church offered way to achieve these
What were the 7 Sacraments ?
- Baptism
- Confirmation
- Marriage
- Anointing of the Sick
- Penance
- Holy Orders
- Eucharist
What was Mass in the Catholic Church ?
- Priest would perform sacrament of Eucharist
- Catholics believed transubstantiation, bread and wine changed into Christ’s body and blood
- Priest consumed both bread and wine
What was the importance of the Mass ?
- Sacrifice performed by the priest on behalf of the community
- Sacred ritual in which the whole community participated
- Importance of bread emphasised at feast of Corpus Christi
How did the Church get its funding ?
- Lay people made investments into parish churches
- In south, raised through church ale festivals
- dying people who left money for church to minimise time spent in purgatory
