Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Henry VII, 1485-1509 > Character and Aims > Flashcards

Character and Aims Flashcards

1
Q

What gave Henry VII a claim to the English throne ?

A
  • His mother Margaret Beaufort was a descendant of Edward III
  • Through the female line
  • Became the Lancastrian claimant
  • Had a tenuous claim to the throne
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where did Henry exile to when he was 14 ?

A

-Fled to Brittany with his uncle Jasper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How did Henry’s life in Brittany help him ?

A
  • Ability to think like a fugitive was useful political training for his future as ruler (historian Thomas Penn)
  • Still not brought up to rule
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When was the Battle of Bosworth ?

A

22nd August 1485

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What were the events of the Battle of Bosworth?

A
  • Richard III had approximately 10,000 men
  • Henry turned to stepfather Stanley for support
  • Stanley supported Henry and attacked Richard
  • Henry becomes king after killing Richard
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What were Henry VII’s aims?

A
  • Establish and secure his right to the throne (consolidate power)
  • Better control of the nobility
  • Improve crown’s finances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How did Henry VII immediately consolidate his power ?

A
  • Predated his reign to 21st August 1485(day before Bosworth)-ensured anybody on Yorkist side could be a traitor
  • Detained Elizabeth of York and the Earl of Warwick, who both had a greater claim than Henry
  • Acts of Attainders against Yorkists who fought at Bosworth (increase revenue)
  • Married Elizabeth of York -united families
  • Had a son, Prince Arthur- another heir to the throne, dynasty established
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When did Henry VII arrange his coronation and why?

A
  • Coronation arranged before the first meeting of parliament
  • Demonstrating his right to the throne was based on hereditary rights (inheritance)
  • Not only because parliament had sanctioned it
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How did Henry VII reward his key supporters ?

A
  • Offered 11 knighthoods

- Made Sir William Stanley Chamberlain of the Household, then head of the Royal Household

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many Acts of Attainders did Henry VII pass during his reign ?

A

138 Acts of Attainders passed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was the Acts of Attainders?

A
  • Declared a landowner guilty of rebelling against a monarch
  • Lost their title, land and sometimes head
  • Heirs were disinherited
  • Passed 138 times by Henry VII
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How did Henry deal with members of the York family that were angry at the death of Richard and wanted revenge ?

A
  • Married Elizabeth of York - joined two houses

- Used attainders to punish those who fought on behalf of Richard III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did Henry deal with wealthy nobles that kept private armies ?

A
  • Used attainders to seize control of their wealth and land

- Acts of Retaining to eliminate the threat of private armies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How did Henry deal with the crown having very little money ?

A
  • Put nobles under Bonds, making them in debt to the crown
  • Seized lands from many nobles-enabling Henry to become the biggest land-owner
  • Collected money from customs duties, forced loans and land revenues, attainders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How did Henry deal with the crown having uneven control over the kingdom ?

A
  • JP’s given new powers to arrest suspects and try them for crimes
  • Developed a system of local, national and regional government
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was tonnage and poundage ?

A
  • The right to raise revenue for the whole reign from imports and exports
  • Henry was granted this for life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was the Lovell and Staffords Rebellion 1486?

A
  • First rising against Henry

- Led by Francis, Vicount Lovell - key supporter of Richard III and Humphrey Stafford

18
Q

Where did Lovell and Stafford try to gather support ?

A
  • Lovell tried to raise a rebellion in the North Riding of Yorkshire (Richard III’s heartland of support)
  • Stafford tried to raise forces against Henry, drawing support in the Midlands
19
Q

What was the aftermath of the Lovell and Staffords rebellion ?

A
  • Lovell escaped from the kings forces
  • Stafford was captured and executed
  • Stafford’s younger brother Thomas was pardoned
20
Q

How big of a threat was the Lovell and Staffords rebellion ?

A
  • Not a big threat
  • Didn’t gain much support
  • Little enthusiasm for rising in Yorkist heartlands
  • Henry VII gained more support through his marriage to Elizabeth of York (alliance)
21
Q

What were reasons for the Yorkshire Rebellion 1489 ?

A
  • Had to pay taxes to support Brittany against France
  • Yorkshire people not happy- as they saw taxes as being too high and they had a poor harvest
  • Many northern countries were exempt from tax
22
Q

What was the aftermath of the Yorkshire Rebellion

A
  • Earl of Northumberland spoke to Henry and he refused to listen
  • Earl was murdered by angry rebels
  • Henry issued many pardons and granted them no taxation
23
Q

How big of a threat was the Yorkshire rebellion ?

A
  • Not a big threat
  • Didn’t spread to the rest of the country
  • Henry didn’t collect tax = weak king
  • Took control by appeasing them
  • Easily and quickly suppressed
24
Q

What were reasons for the Cornish Rebellion 1497?

A
  • Parliament voted for high taxes so Henry could wage war in Scotland against imposter Perkin Warbeck
  • Angered Cornish-Scotland was no threat to them
  • Became Tudor policy to force taxes all over country to finance wars
25
Q

How many people were involved in the Cornish Rebellion 1497?

A
  • 15,000 men

- Marched to London, but only halted at Blackheath by the kings forces

26
Q

What was the aftermath of the Cornish Rebellion 1497?

A
  • Rebels halted at Blackheath
  • Leaders were executed
  • Rebels treated with conspicuous leniency
  • 1000 people killed
  • Army of 25,000 men
27
Q

How big of a threat was the Cornish Rebellion 1497 ?

A
  • Great threat
  • Sheer numbers involved (15,000)
  • Raised questions about how effective the crowns systems for maintaining order in the countryside were
  • Rebels marched on London, only to be stopped at Blackheath
  • Reaching London, challenged security of Henry’s regime
  • Made Henry cautious about entering further foreign conflict
28
Q

Who was Perkin Warbeck ?

A
  • Irritant to Henry for 8 years
  • Claimed to be Richard, Duke of York
  • Would’ve had a stronger claim
  • Attracted patronage from foreign rulers
29
Q

Where did Warbeck flee to in 1492?

A

-Fled to the court of Margaret of Burgandy, after appearance at Charles VIII’s Court of France

30
Q

What did Warberck do at the court of Margaret of Burgandy ?

A
  • Trained as a potential Yorkist king

- Drew English into his conspiracy

31
Q

Why did Warbeck fail to land in England 1495?

A
  • Henry was informed of Warbeck’s intentions by one of his royal agents
  • Sir Robert Clifford
  • Warbeck was quickly defeated
32
Q

Where did Warbeck flee to after his failed landing?

A
  • Fled to the court of James IV of Scotland

- Was supported

33
Q

What happened to the Scottish force that entered England for Warbeck ?

A

-They quickly retreated

34
Q

Why did James IV of Scotland no longer support Warbeck ?

A
  • James gave into Henry’s offer of marriage to his daughter, Margaret
  • Treaty of Perpetual Peace
35
Q

What was the aftermath of the Perkin Warbeck rebellion ?

A
  • Tried to exploit uncertainties created by Cornish Rebellion
  • Forces crushed, Warbeck surrenders
  • Tried to escape with the Earl of Warwick
  • Both executed
36
Q

How big of a threat was the Perkin Warbeck rebellion ?

A
  • Big threat
  • Demonstrated how fragile Henry’s position was considered to be by foreign rulers
  • Had accomplices at the heart of Henry’s government, Sir William Stanley- head of royal household
  • Henry was vulnerable where he should have been secure
37
Q

Who impersonated the Earl of Warwick ?

A
  • Lambert Simnel

- Conspiracy put together by John De La Pole, the Earl of Lincoln

38
Q

What did Henry do in response to the Simnel hoax ?

A
  • Had to real Earl of Warwick exhibited in London
39
Q

What did Lincoln ask Margaret of Burgandy for ?

A
  • Persuaded her to fund the Battle of Stokefield 1487
  • Pay for an army to invade England
  • Wanted her to support Simnels fake claim
40
Q

How did Henry plan a response to the Simnel/Lincoln invasion ?

A
  • Reinstated Earl of Northumberland (led a major portion of Richard III’s army at Bosworth) to power in the north
  • This helped neutralise Richard’s old power base and ensure they wouldn’t join the conspiracy
  • Reinforced coastal defences in East Anglia
41
Q

What was the Battle of Stokefield 1487 ?

A
  • Henry gathered victims of Richard III in the South and Midlands
  • Henry VS Earl of Lincoln
  • Henry’s army led effectively by Earl of Oxford
  • Earl of Lincoln killed (no sufficient followers to army)
42
Q

How big of a threat was the Simnel/Lincoln rebellion ?

A
  • Big Threat
  • Foreign support
  • Henry’s victory was significant, ended the War of Roses
  • Position became safer, by no means completely secure
  • Overcame crisis with shrewdness, hard work and military leadership of his key supporters
  • Winning showed he could prevent any rebellion from being successful

Henry VII, 1485-1509 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions