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Psychology > Relationships studies > Flashcards

Relationships studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Feingold - matching hypothesis

A

meta analysis of studies where the rating of couples were correlated, +0.39 correlation (moderate, moderate strong)

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2
Q

Feingold - attractiveness

A

correlation was stronger for long term couples than short term couples

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3
Q

Silverman

A

covert operation of couples in real dating contexts, more similar couples appear happier

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4
Q

Towhey

A

those who scored high on MACHO scale (measures tradition views) more influenced by physical attractiveness in potential partners

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5
Q

Cunningham’s

A

white, Hispanic and Asian males prefer neotenous features

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6
Q

evidence for importance of symmetry

A

,many studies, using different methods

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7
Q

wheeler and kim

A

halo effect- American and Korean students judged attractive people to be trustworthy, mature and friendly

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8
Q

Sprecher and Hendrick

A

+0.3 correlation between self disclosure and satisfaction - moderate

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9
Q

Collins and Miller

A

meta analysis- people who disclose at intimate levels are more liked than those who disclose at lower levels

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10
Q

correlational and experimental studies for disclosure and liking

A

correlational - +0.39 (moderate)

experimental- +0.27 (small effect)

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11
Q

Tang

A

study in china - self disclosure leads to liking but disclosure of sexual feelings not appropriate (not universal?)

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12
Q

Laurenceau

A

longitudinal study of content analysis from diaries of couples - higher levels of intimacy linked with self disclosure

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13
Q

self disclosure vs initial attraction

A

same correlation of +0.39 for attractiveness of couples and liking and self disclosure - similar influence

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14
Q

3 methods to identify importance of similarity in relationships

A
  1. surveys of couples- questions on 3 filters conducted longitudinally
  2. experiments, phantom stranger - exposed to description of a stranger who is either similar to them or not
  3. online dating studies - analysis of contacts people make/ how similar they are
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15
Q

Mendelsohn

A

study of online dating, % of contacts made by white males
80% white
3% black
17% other

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16
Q

Gruber - Baldini

A

longitudinal study - those similar in education level at the start more likely to stay together and have a successful relationship

17
Q

phantom stranger studies

A

people like those who resemble similar attitudes more than those who don’t

18
Q

general trend in evidence for complementarity in filter theory

A

couples tend to be more emotionally similar than different exception - females more attracted to males who are dominant but not vice versa

19
Q

Rusbult

A

increase in rewards led to an increase in satisfaction and changes in costs didn’t significantly affect satisfaction.

20
Q

le and agnew (SET)

A

meta analysis, percentage of variance in commitment explained by:
satisfaction - 30%
comparison to alternatives - 15%

21
Q

Clarke and mill

A

common couples happier than exchange couples - close tracking of rewards and costs led to an unhappy relationship

22
Q

Walster and utne

A

those in equitable relationships were the most content, those who under-benefitted felt most anger and lower contentment and those who significantly over benefitted felt most guilt and lower contentment
walster-students utne-married couples

23
Q

aumer-ryan

A

cross cultural study where equitable couples were the mot satisfied in individualist cultures but not collective cultures

24
Q

Berg and McQuinn

A

longitudinal study of dating couples

  1. equity did not increase over time in couples in satisfying relationships
  2. equity did not predict if couples stayed together (self disclosure did)
25
Q

addition to Le and Agnew - investment

A

% contribution of 4 variables to commitment:
30% satisfaction
15% comparison to alternatives
15% investment
40% other factors
(+0.47 correlation moderate correlation between commitment and whether pps stay together)

26
Q

Rusbult and Martz

A

in abusive relationships - both comparison for alternatives and investment predicted when victims returned to abusive partners

27
Q

evidence for Duck’s phase model

A

retrospective surveys - results rely on memory which may be faulty or biased based on social desirability. questions may have shaped story to fit the story

28
Q

Buss

A

cross-cultural questionnaire from 37 cultures
men look for looks and youth - fertility
women look for income and ambition - care for offspring

29
Q

Waynforth and Dunbar

A

content analysis of lonely hearts ads
men sought for looks and provided resources
women sought resources and provided looks

30
Q

Clark and Hatfield

A

quasi experiment:
75% of men agreed to sex, more chance for reproduction- less choosy
0% of women agreed, risk of pregnancy with partner with poor genes/ weak investment

31
Q

Singh

A

cross cultural study of waist-hip ratio

universal presence for women with WHR of 0.7

32
Q

Joinson

A

content analysis of levels of self disclosure:

anonymous CMC > CMC via video link = FtF discussion

33
Q

Ruppel

A

meta analysis of studies of self disclosure:

greater self disclosure FtF rather than CMC 0.2 correlation (contradicts hyperpersonal model)

34
Q

McKenna and Bargh

A

lonely and anxious people able to express true selves more in CMC 70% of relationships formed online survived more than 2 years

35
Q

3 studies of characteristics displayed by those with PRs

A

Maltby(2005)- poor body image
Maltby et al- anxiety and depression
McCutcheon(2014)- impulsiveness

36
Q

studies that do/ do not support attachment theory

A

Cole and Leets - yes
Cohen - yes
McCutcheon - no
(all are correlation problems identifying cause and effect)

Psychology (11 decks)

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