Reinforcement Flashcards
Two kinds of consequences in a situation:
Satisfying
Annoying
Thorndlike
If consequences for a specific situation are satisfying, then the response and stimulus are strengthened
Consequences are acquired in learning but not maintaining bhx
- Stimuli in the environment and the response
- Consequence was only there for the learning part
Law of effect
o bhx you engage in without thinking.. Without conscious thought
o Triggered by antecedent stimuli
Habit
- Specific bhx
- Immediate consequence
- Increase of a bhx
Reinforcement
something added/ addition stimulus
Bhx occurs
Addition of stimulus/ increase in the intensity
Bhx is strengthened
• Positive
something removed/ removed stimulus
Bhx occurs
Removal of stimulus
Bhx is strengthened
• Negative
the aversive stimulus is present, so you make a response it terminates that response
• Escape
when the bhx prevents the aversive stimulus from having on
• Avoidance
- Reinforce bhx, not people
- Reinforcement is a procedure
- Reinforcer is a thing
- Reward not synonymous with reinforcers
Terminology
no learning required
Unconditioned reinforcers
Primary reinforcers
learning needed for reinforcing value
Reinforcing value from association with primary reinforcers
Secondary reinforcers
Social bhx (high fives, thumbs up)
Conditioned reinforcers
- paired with a variety of other reinforcers
Ex. Money, praise, tokens
Conditioned generalized reinforcers
o Immediancy o Consistency o Motivating operations o Individual differences o Intensity of reinforcers
Influences of reinforcement
• EO - increases reinforcing
o Increase the effectiveness of a bhx
• AO - makes reinforcers less reinforcing
Motivating Operations
