Rehabilitation Flashcards
What are two indications for rehabilitation?
Post injury or post surgery
Especially orthopedic or neurologic conditions
What are the two goals of rehabilitation?
Decrease pain and improve function
What three things have to be determined when evaluating a rehab patient?
Presenting complaint, medical history, and surgical history
How is the outcome of rehab measured?
- Ability to perform daily tasks
- Gait analysis
- Lameness scoring
- Force plate analysis
- Pedometers
- Joint function and laxity
- Muscle mass measurement
- Pain assessment
What are some uses of cryotherapy?
During acute phase of tissue injury or after exercise during rehab
What are the effects of cryotherapy?
Reduced blood flow/metabolism/permeability, decreased nerve conduction velocity, analgesia, prevention of edema, decreased spasms
What is the standard protocol for cryotherapy?
Application for 15-25min with close monitoring 3-6x/day
When would superficial thermal therapy be indicated?
After resolution of acute inflammatory phase
What are some effects of superficial thermal therapy?
Vasodilation, accelerated enzymatic and metabolic rxns, increased O2 uptake
What is the standard protocol for superficial thermal therapy?
30-45min application
What is the risk of superficial thermal therapy?
Burns
When is passive range of motion indicated?
Immediately post-sx or in paralyzed patients
What is the benefit of passive range of motion?
Stretching, decreased pain, improved rate of recovery, prevention of muscle contracture
When is active range of motion initiated?
Once the animal is ambulatory
What exercises result in increased joint flexion?
Swimming, walking in snow/sand/tall grass, crawling, climbing stairs, cavaletti rails
What are some assisted standing methods?
Slings, carts, exercise rolls/balls
What are some proprioceptive training exercises?
Manual unloading of limbs, balance boards, exercise balls
What are some advantages of aquatic therapy?
Improves strength, muscular/CV endurance, ROM, agility, minimizes pain
What does TENS stand for?
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Which nerves does TENS stimulate?
AB nerve fibers
Which nerves does TENS inhibit?
C nerve fibers
TENS units work through which principle?
Gate control theory
What are some benefits of massage?
Improves circulation and lymphatic flow, relieves muscle spasms, reduces adhesions, mobilizes scar tissue
What is stroking?
Medial pressure applied proximal to distal
What is effleurage?
Medium pressure applied distal to proximal
What is an advantage of effleurage compared to stroking?
Aids in lymphatic draining
What is compression?
Pressure applied to a specific tense area in muscle
What is percussion?
Clapping on tissues with a cupped hand
What is trigger point therapy?
Squeezing areas of muscle spasm
What wavelength of light is produced in low-level laser therapy?
600-1000nm
Which strengths are theraputic?
IIIa, IIIb, and IV
What are some advantages of low-level laser therapy?
Analgesic and improved wound healing
Where is low-level laser therapy used?
Over trigger points, acupuncture points, joins, and tendons
Do we know the mechanism of laser therapy?
Nope! :D
Considered photobioactivation or photobiomodulation
What are three variables of concern for low-level laser therapy?
Wavelength, power, and time of application
How is total energy delivered calculated?
Watts x time
What PPE is required when using laser therapy?
Goggles for the patient and operator
What is extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
Application of an acoustic pressure wave with high amplitude and energy
What is the mechanism of extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
We don’t really know!
What species is extracorporeal shockwave therapy most used in?
Horses
What are some advantages of extracorporeal shockwave therapy?
Improved healing of bony and soft tissues, some analgesia
