Regulations and controls - Game meat public health hazards and inspection

Question 1

What are examples of farmed game?

Answer 1

• Ratites
• Deer
• Boar
• Partridge, pheasant, red grouse, quail
• Other land mammals

Question 2

What are examples of wild game?

Answer 2

• Wild ungulates, lagomorphs or birds
• Other land mammals excluding squirrels
• Pheasant + partridge

Question 3

When is a FBO not needed?

Answer 3

• If wild game shot for private consumption / family + friends on an occasional basis

Question 4

What ante-mortem inspections are carried out in farmed game?

Answer 4

• If slaughtered on farm must be:
• inspected by ante-mortem by an OV or approved veterinarian within three days of slaughter
• bodies accompanied by
• veterinary health certificate
• FCI
• Humane slaughter declaration from FBO
• if > 2hrs transport = refrigerated

Question 5

What ante-mortem inspections are carried out in wild game?

Answer 5

• Hunters declaration / documentation
• Pre processing - FBO should examine carcase prior to entry into processing area:
• death other than hunting
• extensive contamination
• HACCP

Question 6

What are approved game handling establishments?

Answer 6

• Approved by FSA
• OV
• Duties include:
• Verification of the hunter’s status as a trained person
  ex. Copy of certificate
• HACCP in place
• Approved protocols for handling ABP

Question 7

How is traceability of farmed game carried out?

Answer 7

• Identification rules as other red meat animals
• deer = ear tags + passport
• breeder - FCI with = identity, veterinary products

Question 8

How is traceability of wild game carried out?

Answer 8

• Trained person declaration - if unavailable ID’d
  -otherwise disposal as ABP

Question 9

What abnormal behaviour can a trained person pick up on?

Answer 9

 Non apprehensive towards humans
 Aggression
 Isolation from herd
 Locomotive difficulties
 Head tilt
 Abnormal gait
 Abnormal posture ex. bird with neck flexed and opening beak and wings
 Slow at escape

Question 10

What are examples of Environmental contamination?

Answer 10

• Pollution
• Heavy metals
• Phytosanitary treatments

Question 11

What can cause abnormal behaviour/locomotion?

Answer 11

• Parasites
• CWD
• Tumour
• Infection - lymes disease, louping ill, pigeon paramyxovirus
• Toxaemia

Question 12

What should a trained person examine?

Answer 12

• Muscle bulk
• Mucosae
• Natural orifices
• Traumatic lesions

Question 13

A trained person should remove viscera of large wild game and examine what?

Answer 13

• Odor
• Gas
• Colour
• Perforation
• Oedema/transudate/exudate
• Haemorrhage

Question 14

What are different public health hazards of game meat?

Answer 14

• Handlers during processing - ringworm, ticks
• Machinery during processing - bacterial cross contamination
• Storage - inadequate temperature
• Final use - consumption

Question 15

What temp should large + small game be kept at?

Answer 15

• Large game = 7 oC
• Small game = 4 oC

Question 16

What hazards are most at risk from game meat?

Answer 16

• Escherichia coli O157
• Salmonella species
• Campylobacter jejuni
• Mycobacterium avium
• Clostridium botulinum
• Mycobacterium bovis
• Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
• Chlamydophila psittaci
• Lead shot

Question 17

What are other zoonotic diseases / public health hazards?

Answer 17

• Toxoplasma gondii
• Brucellosis
• Bone fragment
• Via direct contact - ringworm, ticks, rabies
• Hunters

Question 18

What notifiable diseases in deer?

Answer 18

• Foot and mouth disease
• Bovine tuberculosis
• Bluetongue
• Epizootic haemorrhagic virus disease
• CWD