Regulation Of Renal Function And Vascular Volume

Question 1

Drugs that act in PCT

Answer 1

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
-zolamide
Acetazolamide
Hypokalemia

Question 2

Drugs that act in Thick ascending loop

Answer 2

Furosemide
Loop diuretics that block Na/K/2Cl symporter
Manages hypercalcemia
NSAIDs can decrease response to loop diuretics due to decreased RBF

Question 3

Drugs that affect distal convoluted

Answer 3

Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide type diuretics
Inhibit NCCT
SE: hypercalcemia

Question 4

Drugs that affect Collecting Tubule

Answer 4

Aldosterone: inc Na/K ATPase and K channel
Amiloride: blocks ENaC (K sparing)
Also Triamterine
Na channel inhibitors
Spirolactone: blocks ability of aldosterone to activate mineralocorticoid receptor
SE: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

Question 5

Osmotic diuretics

Answer 5

Inc urinary excretion of electrolytes
Mannitol
Mostly act in PCT and thin descending loop (nephron H2O permeable)
Prevents passive H2O reabsorption

Question 6

Vasopressin

Answer 6

V2 receptor activation
Inc cAMP -> insertion of aquaporin channels in collecting duct -> reabsorption of H2O only
Inc circulating levels of procoagulant factor VIII and of von Willebrand factor
V1a receptors causes vasoconstriction

Question 7

Nesiritide

Answer 7

BNP analog

Causes vasodilation