Regulation Of Protein Function

Question 1

After an enzyme is translated onto the ribosome, wheat 6 pathways can it take?

Answer 1

Combine with a regulatory protein, Undergo phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, bind with a ligand, bind with a substrate to create a product, reach another organelle through the ER, protein degradation

Question 2

What is product inhibition?

Answer 2

When the accumulation of the product of a reaction inhibits the forward reaction - enough product made

Question 3

What 2 different conformations can Allosteric enzymes exist in, as shown on the reaction rate vs conc. of substrate graph?

Answer 3

T state - low affinity

R state - high affinity

Question 4

What are allosteric activators?

Answer 4

Increase the proportion of enzyme in the R state

Question 5

What are allosteric inhibitors

Answer 5

Increase the proportion of enzyme in the T state

Question 6

What is Covalent Modification of proteins?

Answer 6

Physically attaching other groups through covalent bonds

Question 7

What protein phosphorylates an enzyme?

Answer 7

Protein Kinase

Question 8

What protein reverses this reaction?

Answer 8

Protein Phosphatase

Question 9

What is an enzyme cascade?

Answer 9

Every time an enzyme activates another, the signals are amplified by 1000 fold, causing an ‘amplification of signals’