Mutations

Question 1

Transposable elements?

Answer 1

A sequence of DNA that jumps from one location in the genome to the other.

Question 2

Transition vs tranversion?

Answer 2

Transition - change to the same type of base e.g. Purine to purine - little effect on DNA structure.
Transversion - base change to a different type of bases e.g. Purine to pyrimidine

Question 3

What bases change occurs in sickle cell anaemia?

Answer 3

One base substitution mutation (missense).

GLU - VAL

Question 4

What are some symptoms of sickle cell?

Answer 4

Anaemia
Susceptible to infections
Weakness
Impaired growth

Question 5

What is a missense mutation?

Answer 5

A base change resulting in an amino acid change

Question 6

What is. Silent/neutral/synonymous mutation?

Answer 6

Mutations that DON’T have an effect.

Question 7

What is frameshift mutation?

Answer 7

Inversion/ deletions no divisible by three - so pushes frame to the right.

Question 8

What is a nonsense mutation?

Answer 8

Creates a stop codon.