Regulation of Minerals and Bone Growth Flashcards
Factors that influence bone growth (5 in total)
1) proper amount of minerals
2) vitamin C
3) vitamin A
4) vitamin D
5) hormones
What minerals are required for proper bone matrix?
Iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium
Importance of vitamin C:
Required for the manufacture of collagen in bone matrix
Role of vitamin A in bone development:
Enhances activity of osteoblasts
Role of vitamin D in bone development
Required for the absorption of calcium from the digestive system
Types of hormones that regulate bone growth (3 types):
1) thyroid hormones
2) insulin-like growth factor
3) sex hormones
Role of thyroid hormones in bone development
Stimulate osteoblast activity
Role of insulin-like growth hormone in bone development
Stimulate cell division at epiphyseal plate
Where is insulin like growth hormone produced and what regulates it?
Produced in the liver
and
Regulated by pituitary glands growth hormone
Types of sex hormones:
Testosterone in males
and
Estrogen in females
Role of sex hormones in bone development
Increase osteoblast action
What happens when blood-calcium levels are too low?
Breathing is less efficient
What happens if blood calcium levels are too high?
Heart rhythm and contraction force decreases.
2 hormones that ensure blood-calcium levels are proper:
Parathyroid hormone
and
Calcitonin
When and where is the parathyroid hormone produced?
Produced by parathyroid when blood-calcium levels are too low
