Regulation of Immune Response Flashcards
With decreased IL2R on T cells, what happens to them?
Apoptosis
Reduced exposure to antigen cause decreased expression of what cytokine and receptor?
IL2 and IL2R
At low levels of MHC and B7 expression on APC’s, what is the fate of T cells that bind to them?
Anergy or deletion
If a dendritic cell is expressing CD86, MHC, CD40, and CCR7 at high levels, what is it producing as cytokines?
IL12, TNFa
If a dendritic cell is expressing MHC, CD86, CD40 and CCR7 at low levels, what is the net effect?
anergy or deletion of T cells
What is deficient in IPEX and what is the effect?
Loss of FOXp3 so can’t make Tregs
To be able to suppress, Tregs need to be stimulated via their _____
TCR
What are the four ways in which Treg cells dampen immune response?
- Arrest T cells via cytokines
- Sequester IL2
- Cytolyse T cells via granzymes
- Stimulate production of kynurenin via dendritic cells, killing T cells
What cytokines are produced by Tregs to dampen T cell response?
IL-10
TGFb
IL-35
Grave’s disease, the overstimulation of thyroid hormones, is mediated by what cell type?
B cells’ autoantibodies
What are the four mechanisms by which B cells are selected for self tolerance?
- Clonal deletion after recognition of self antigen (cell death)
- Antibody receptor editing
- Intrinsic downregulation of BCR and upregulation of CD5 (leads to death due to inactivation)
- Lack of T cell help
Antigens exposed subcutaneously or intradermally evoke what kind of response?
Active immune response
Antigens given intravenously, orally, or aerosol invoke what kind of response?
Tolerance, or invoke a secondary CD4+ T cell response
This cytokine, when introduced early on in the immune response, can trigger Th2 differentiation.
IL-4
This cytokine, when introduced early on in an immune response, can trigger Th1 profile switch.
IFNa (or IL12)
