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IHO Week 5 > Myeloma > Flashcards

Myeloma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the neoplastic cell in myeloma?

A

Plasma cells

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2
Q

Is the proliferation monoclonal or polyclonal?

A

monoclonal

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3
Q

What happens to the concentration of normal Ig’s in the serum in myeloma?

A

decreased NORMAL Immunoglobulins

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4
Q

What abnormality is seen on Xray for myeloma?

A

Osteolytic lesions

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5
Q

What are the most common Ig’s to be increased in Myeloma, and what are the least?

A

IgG in 60%
IgA in 20%
IgD or IgE RARE
NEVER IgM

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6
Q

What is the Bence-Jones protein?

A

Light chains found in the urine

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7
Q

What are pertinent pathological findings in the blood for myeloma?

A

Anemia, rouleaux, NO plasma cells

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8
Q

What are the pertinent pathological findings in the marrow for myeloma?

A

Plasma cells, amyloid

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9
Q

What do plasma cells look like on a histological slide?

A

Oblong shape, offset nucleus with “clockface” chromatin

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10
Q

What are russell bodies?

A

Collections of Ig’s in plasma cells because of overactive translation. Look like bubbles in the cell

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11
Q

What is a dutcher body?

A

Invagination of cytoplasm into the nucleus with a bunch of Ig

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12
Q

What is a Mott cell?

A

A bunch of russell bodies in a cell, looks really bubbly

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13
Q

What is Rouleaux?

A

Clumped chains of RBC’s because of loss of zeta potential.

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14
Q

What is a key antibody made in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

A

IgM

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15
Q

Why does hyperviscosity occur in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

A

IgM is big and it clogs up the blood

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16
Q

What is the first change noted in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia?

A

Vision problems

17
Q

50% of patients with myeloma present with (related to Bence-Jones):

A

Renal faiure

18
Q

What is the Classic Triad of myeloma?

A

Anemia, bone pain, renal failure

19
Q

What is the criterium for diagnosis for with bone marrow biopsy?

A

> 20% plasma cells

20
Q

What are the classic agents for treatment of myeloma?

A

Dexamethasone, melphalan, cyclophosphamide

21
Q

What is the standard of care for myeloma?

A

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant

IHO Week 5 (9 decks)

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