Regulation of Appetite

Question 1

Simply, what is appetite?

Answer 1

Desire to eat food

Question 2

Simply, what is hunger?

Answer 2

Need of eating

Question 3

Simply,what does anorexia mean?

Answer 3

Lack of appetite

Question 4

Satiety

Answer 4

Feeling of fullness - disappearance of appetite after a meal

Question 6

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 6

Weight (kg) / ht (m2)

Question 7

What BMI range for underweight

Answer 7

<18.5

Question 8

What is regarded the normal BMI range?

Answer 8

18.5 - 24.9

Question 9

What BMI range is regarded as overweight?

Answer 9

25.0-29.9

Question 10

What BMI is regarded as obese?

Answer 10

30.0-39.9

Question 11

What BMI is regarded as morbidly obese?

Answer 11

> 40

Question 12

Name some risks of obesity

Answer 12

Type II diabetes
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
Stroke
Osteoarthritis
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Carcinoma (breast, endometrium, prostate, colon)
Especially abdominal (visceral) rather than subcutaneous fat

Question 13

What chemicals are involved with increased appetite?

Answer 13

Grhelin
NPY (neuropeptide Y)
Orexin
Endocannabinoid
MCH (melanin-concentrating hormone, orexigenic)
AgRP (agouti related peptide)

Question 14

What chemicals are involved with decreased appetite?

Answer 14

Leptin,
Insulin
PeptideYY
GLP-1 (glucaogn like peptide 1)
Serotonin
a-MSH (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone)
CART (cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript)

Question 15

Give some characteristics of leptin

Answer 15

Expressed in white fat
Bind to leptin receptor
Cytokine receptor family
Found in hypothalamus

Question 16

What switches off appetite and also has a role in stimulating immune system?

Answer 16

Leptin

Question 17

Increased fat cell mass causes ______ leptin/insulin expression

Answer 17

increased

Question 18

Increased Leptin action in hypothalamus inhibits NPY/AgRP expression and activates a-MSH expression ultimately leading to…

Answer 18

anorexia

Question 19

Givesome characteristics of Peptide YY

Answer 19

36 amino acids, structurally similar to NPY so binds to NPY receptor

Is secreted by neuroendocrine cells in ileum, pancreas and colon in response to food

Inhibit gastric motility and reduces appetite

Question 20

Infusion of (hormone) diminishes appetite

Answer 20

PYY

Question 21

Cholecystokinin acts on receptors in pyloric sphincter to delay g____ e_____, gall bladder contraction and insulin release

Answer 21

gastric emptying

Question 22

Grhelin is expressed in the s________ stimulates GH release and appetite

Answer 22

stomach

Question 23

Have high levels of Grehlin in blood when…

Answer 23

fasting

Question 24

Grehlin leads to increased secretion of __ and ___ to increase appetite

Answer 24

NPY and AgRP

Question 25

PYY binds to an inhibitory receptor on NPY/AgRP therefore leads to decreased secretion of NPY and AgPR to...

Answer 25

decrease appetite