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Anatomy > Regulating systems of the Heart > Flashcards

Regulating systems of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Myocardial cell

A

-striated in which sarcomere is functional unit

-electrical impulses spread cell to cell

-contain sign. amounts of mitochondria to supply ATP

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2
Q

myocytic contraction is linked to what specific ion release?

A

Ca+ and Na+

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3
Q

what is the myocardial cell triad structures:

A

-sarcolemma
-t tubule
-sarcoplasmic reticulum

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4
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum ?

A

-stores Ca+
-contain Ca+ channels and voltage receptors

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5
Q

T tubules allows for:

A

-allows for the electrical current

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6
Q

SA Node components :

A

-located in the SVC and right atrium

-UNSTABLE CELLS
- PACEMAKER POTENTIAL

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7
Q

AV node:

A

-goes through bundle of HIS, R/L branches

-interatrial septum

-near the opening of the coronary sinus

[electrical connection between atria /ventricles]

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8
Q

Purkinje Fibers:

A

formed from right and left bundles

  • conduct impulses upward back toward the base

-heart is depolarized inside

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9
Q

SA NODE timing of impulses :

A

-inn: Autonomic Nerve Sys.
(-Parasympathetic division (Vagus N.)

-PACEMAKER POTENTIAL
-UNSTABLE RMP

-depolarizes every .6 sec/100 min (100 bpm)

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10
Q

Sympathetic division:

A

-cardiac plexus

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11
Q

Atrioventricular Node (AV) timing of impulses:

A

-impulse slows done
-40-60 bpm
-ANS inn: where it allows ATRIA to fully contract

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12
Q

(AV NODE)

Bundle of HIS/ Branches (R/L)

A

-impulses speeds up
-rapid depolarization of ventricle

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13
Q

(AV NODE)
Purkinje Fibers

A

-impulses from apex to myocardium ( contraction) of heart

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14
Q

What is the autonomic nerve supply of the heart?

A

Cardiac plexus

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15
Q

Where is the Cardiac plexus located?

A

near the bifurcation of the trachea

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16
Q

What fibers make up the plexus?

A

-parasympathetic
-sympathetic

17
Q

what info does the afferent convey?

A

-reflective and nociceptive

18
Q

where is the cardiac plexus located in the transverse vertebrae:

A

T1-T4 = cardiac plexus hehe

19
Q

the sympathetic division includes the cardiac plexus in which controls:

A

SA/AV nodes/ myocardium

**controls body’s fight or flight response(adrenaline)

-ganglions are linked in chains

20
Q

parasympathetic division:

A

-controls heart rate; controls body response at times of rest /digest

-Ganglions are isolated

-SA/AV nodes

21
Q

The Vagus (parasympathetic nerves) does what to heart rate?

A

-decreases heart rate

22
Q

What do sympathetic nerves do to heart rate?

A

-increase heart rate and force contraction

23
Q

What is an electrocardiogram test used for?

A

-records the electrical activity of the heart

24
Q

Cardiac cycle is?

A

duration of the time btw the beginning one heart beat to the next

25
Q

What is systole?

Diastole?

A

-contraction ( allows for greater filling of blood) in order to effectively produce a cardiac cycle

-relaxation

26
Q

what are the key events of the cardiac cycle?

A

-atrial contraction/depolarization (systole)

-ventricles fill up with blood=isovolumetric contraction

ventricle depolarization(systole)

relaxes ventricle

27
Q

The first LUB sound of heart is what and how does it correlate to EKG?

A

-bicuspid and tricuspid valves

-S on EKG- ventricle depolarization (contracts) SL tricuspid Valves open

28
Q

The second DUB sound of heart is what and how does it correlate to EKG?

A

-closure of pulmonary and aortic valves

EKG- S2 : Ventricles Replorizes (diastole) relaxed and AV open

29
Q

What direction will the blood flow from:
Aortic Valve

A

flows upward and rightward

-2nd right intercostal

30
Q

What direction will the blood flow from:
Pulmonic Valve

A

upward and leftward

-2nd left intercostal sp.

31
Q

What direction will the blood flow from:
Tricuspid Valve

A

downward and leftward

-4th left intercostal sp.

32
Q

What direction will the blood flow from:
Bicuspid Valve

A

downward and leftward to 5/6 intercostal space

midclavicular line

Anatomy (9 decks)

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