Regional Organziations Flashcards
EC
European Community
1958
first wave regionalism econocomic institution
LAS
League of Arab States
Arab League 1945
First wave regionalism, Multipurpose organization.
22 Arab countries (Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Dijbouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen.
A regional political and economic organization focused on Arab unity and development.
Founded in Cairo in 1945
OAS
the Organization of American States
32 members founded in 1948
First wave regionalism multipurpose org
est to promote cooperation in the Americas
human rights, electoral oversight, social and econ dev, and security in the Western hemisphere
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
1949 (30 countries from NAmerica and Europe
1st wave of regionailsm security alliance
the Warsaw Pact
1st wave of regionalism security org
The Rio Pact
1st wave of regionalism security org
1947
“an armed attack by any state shall be considered as an attack against all the American States … “
collective security
SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
1954-77 US, FR, UK, NZ, Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan
1st wave of regionalism security org
To prevent communism from gaining ground in the region
PAFTA
Peru-Australia Free Trade Agreement
1st wave of regionalism economic institution
LAFTA
Latine American Free Trade Association
1st wave of regionalism economic institution
SADCC/SADC
Southern African Development Community
1st wave of regionalism (developmental org.) part of 3rd wave revitilize
SADCC 1980 -> SADC 1992
14 southern African countries: Angola, Botswana, Comoros, DRC, Eswatini, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
trade and economic development efforts
(increasingly peacekeeping)
OAU
Organization of African Unity -> now the AU (Africa Union)
1st wave of regionalism developmental org
1963 (replaced by AU in ‘02)
to promote the unity and solidarity of the African states
to secure Africa’s long-term econ and political future
dedicated to the eradication of all forms of colonialism
55 member states (all of Africa)
The non-alignment movement
Formally declared non-alignment with or against any Great power
original members: Yugoslavia, India, Egypt, Ghana, Indonesia
2nd wave of regionalism
In response to cold war bipoliarity
1955 Bandung Conference in Belgrade
security of non-aligned countries in their struggle against: imperialism, colonialism, neo-colonialims, racsim, foregin agression, occupation, domination, interference or hegemony from any great power or bloc
OIC
The Organization of Islamic Cooperation
2nd wave of regionalism
57 member states
attempts to ve the collective voice of the muslim world (Ummah)
2nd largest international organization
ASEAN
Association of Southeast Asia Nations
2nd wave of regionalism - 1961
Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Brunei
Promotes econ growth and peach with in the region
ECOWAS
Economic Community of West African States
2nd wave of regionalism - 1975
Also known as CEDEAO
poli/econ union + peace keeping
15 West African countries: Benin, Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo (Burkina Faso / Mali / Guinea / Niger suspended)
AMU
Arab Maghreb Union
2nd wave of regionalism -1988 first summit
poli eocn union / trade agreement
Algeria, Libya, Mauratania, Morocco, and Tunisia
North Africa West of Egypt
GCC
Gulf Cooperation Council
2nd wave of regionalism - 1981
Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and UAE
regional, itnergovernmental, political and econ union
all members are monarchies
MERCOSUR
Mercado Comun del Sur 1991-Treaty of Asuncion
Third wave of regionalism
Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (Venezuela is suspended since 2016 and the rest of SA are associate countries)
Trade alliance aimed at boosting the regional economy, moving goods, people, workfroce, and capital.
Was frist a free trade xone and then a customs union
CIS
Commonwealh of Independent States (1991)
Third wave of regionalism
a regional intergovernemntal orgnaziation in Eurasion formed after the dissolution of the USSR
encourages cooperation in econ/poli/mil affairs as well as cross-border crime prevention
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
SCO
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (2001)
3rd wave of regionalism
China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzatan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikstan
common security threats, economi cooperation, and cultural exchange in Central Asia
Succesor to the Shanghai Five
UN
United Nations - 1945
Supernational/universal organzation
founded post wwii by 51 countries committed to maintaining peace, progress, and human rights
5 permanent UN security council members: China, France, Russia, UK, USA
10 non-permanent (2023): Ecuador, Japan, Malta, Mozambique, Switzerland, South Korea, Algeria, Sierra Leone, Guyana, Slovenia
US contributes 0 peace keeping troops but is the #1 financial contributer (Japan is #2)
Contributes the most troops: Bangladesh > Ethiopia > India > Pakistan > Rwanda > Nepal > Senegal > Ghana > China > Nigeria
EU
European Union
Regional organziation
1993 Masstricht treaty
WTO
World Trade Organization
Global level org
established 1995 after the Marrakesh Agreement
HQ in Geneva Switzerland
League of Nations
(1920-1946) established after Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points post WWII
Global level org
failed as nations pulled out to be expantionist in WWII
US never joined (Japan in Manchuria, Italy in Abyssinia, Germany in CZ, Spanish civil war)
if you don’t punish aggression than….
BRICS
Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (2009)
Inter-regional level org
since added Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, and UAE
govs meet anually to coordinate mulitilateral policies since 2009
rival to G7 bloc
The G7
Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK, US, and EU
an itnergovernmental poli/econ forum
pluralism, liberal democracy, and representatice gov
major IMF advanced economies