Regional anatomy Flashcards
What are the walls of the compartments of the thigh?
Fascia lata septa attached to the line aspera of the femur.
What is the saphenous opening?
An opening in the fascia lata inferior to the medial inguinal ligament and inferolateral to the pubic tubercle. Allows the passage of the efferent lymph vessels and great saphenous vein and tributaries.
What are the attachments of the fascia lata?
Superiorly it attaches to the inguinal ligament, pubic arch, body of pubis, pubic tubercle, scrap fascia, iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx, inferiorly to the exposed parts of the bones of the knee and the deep fascia of the leg.
What does the fascia lata form laterally?
Iliotibial tract
What is the superficial venous drainage of the lower limb?
Great and small saphenous veins, found in the subcutaneous tissue.
What are the tributaries of the great saphenous vein?
Dorsal vein of the great toe and the dorsal venous arch of the foot
Where does the great saphenous vein run?
Ascends anterior to the medial malleolus, posterior to the medial condyle of femur, anastomoses with small saphenous vein, into the saphenous opening and to the femoral vein.
What other superficial veins are there?
Lateral cutaneous vein
What is the course of the small saphenous vein?
Ascends posterior to medial malleolus, lateral border of calcanea tendon, midline of the fibula and penetrates deep fascia, empties into the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa.
What are the deep veins of the lower limb?
Anterior tibial vein, medial and lateral plantar veins, posterior tibial and fibular veins, join popliteal vein in popliteal fossa.
Where does the femoral vein pass?
Deep to the inguinal ligament to become the external iliac.
What is the lymph drainage of the lower limb?
The superficial lymph follows the saphenous veins and drains to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes and popliteal lymph nodes. The deep lymph follows the deep veins and drains to the deep lymph nodes and the lumbar lymphatic trunks.
What are the nerve roots of the cutaneous nerves innervating the skin of the lower limb?
T12 or L1
Which never roots supply lateral external rotation of the hip?
L1 and L5
Which never roots supply medial internal rotation of the hip?
L1, L2, L3
Which never roots supply adduction of the hip?
L1, L2, L3, L4
Which never roots supply abduction of the hip?
L5, S1
Which never roots supply inversion of the ankle?
L4, L5
Which never roots supply eversion of the ankle?
L5, S1
Which never roots supply dorsiflexion of the phalanges?
L5, S1
Which never roots supply plantar flexion of the phalanges?
S1, S2
Which never roots supply hip extension?
L4, L5
Which never roots supply hip flexion?
L2, L3
Which never roots supply knee extension?
L3, L4