Regents Vocabulary

Question 1

any trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce under a given set of environmental conditions.

Answer 1

Adaptive Value (Regents)

Question 2

a molecule found on the outer surfaces of cells that the immune system recognizes as either part of the body or an outside invader.

Answer 2

Antigen (Regents)

Question 3

a chemical process that occurs in a living thing.

Answer 3

Biochemical Process (regents)

Question 4

the chemical link between atoms that hold molecules together.

Answer 4

Bond (regents)

Question 5

a substance that can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed or used up during the reaction.

Answer 5

Catalyst (regents)

Question 6

a laboratory technique used to sperate mixtures of molecules

Answer 6

Chromatography (regents)

Question 7

forest destruction that results from human activity

Answer 7

Deforestation (regents)

Question 8

a guide the compares pairs of observable traits to help the user identify an organism.

Answer 8

Dichotomous Key (regents)

Question 9

(regents)the constant small corrections that normally occur to keep an organisms internal environment within the limits needed for survival.

Answer 9

Dynamic equilibrium

Question 10

a tool that allows scientists to sperate mixtures of molecules according to size

Answer 10

Electrophoresis (regents)

Question 11

a period of time that is limited; able to be used up; opposite of infinite.

Answer 11

Finite (regents)

Question 12

an egg or sperm cell

Answer 12

Gamete ( regents)

Question 13

Earth’s history as revealed by layers of rock

Answer 13

Geologic time (regents)

Question 14

specialized cells that control the openings and closings of the pores on the surface of a leaf.

Answer 14

Guard cells (regents)

Question 15

the passing of traits from parent ton offspring.

Answer 15

Heredity (regents)

Question 16

the organism in a parasitic relationship that provides a home and/or food for the parasite.

Answer 16

Host (regents)

Question 17

the curved surface at the top of a collum of liquid.

Answer 17

Meniscus (regents)

Question 18

an endocrine organ that secretes insulin.

Answer 18

Pancreas (regents)

Question 19

an organism that invades the body causing disease.

Answer 19

Pathogen (regents)

Question 20

certain protein molecules int he cell membrane that can receive chemical messages from other cells.

Answer 20

Receptor molecule (regents)

Question 21

the process of choosing a few organisms with desirable traits to serve as the parent of the next generation.

Answer 21

Selective breeding (regents)

Question 22

a microscope that uses two eyepieces; often used for dissections: also called a dissecting microscope.

Answer 22

Stereoscope (regents)

Question 23

any change in the environment that causes an organism to react

Answer 23

Stimulus (regents)

Question 24

a kind of water pollution in which the temperature of the water increases.

Answer 24

Thermal pollution (regents)

Question 25

a tool with a single pan and three bars calibrated in grams used to measure mass.

Answer 25

Triple beam balance (regents)

Question 26

a condition in which a person’s immune system is overly sensitive to environmental substances that are normally harmless.

Answer 26

Allergy (regents)

Question 27

a protein produced by the immune system that either attacks invading pathogens or marks them for killing.

Answer 27

Antibody (regents)

Question 28

the variety of species in an area

Answer 28

Biodiversity (regents)

Question 29

all of earth’s ecosystem’s; the biologically inhabited portions of earth, including all of the water, land and air in which organisms survive.

Answer 29

Biosphere (regents)

Question 30

the process in which nutrients are broken apart, releasing the chemical energy stored in them.

Answer 30

Cellular respiration (regents)

Question 31

a thick thread like structure that contains genetic information in the form of DNA

Answer 31

Chromosome (regents)

Question 32

the changes that occur from the fertilized egg to a complete individual; occurs by mitosis and differentiation of cells

Answer 32

Development (regents)

Question 33

the study of how living things interact with one another and with their environment

Answer 33

Ecology (regents)

Question 34

the removal of all wastes produced by the cells of the body

Answer 34

Excretion (regents)

Question 35

the unborn developing young of an animal during the later stages of development

Answer 35

Fetus (regents)

Question 36

a segment of DNA (on a chromosome) that contains the code for a specific trait

Answer 36

Gene (regents)

Question 37

a tool used to measure the volume of a liquid

Answer 37

Graduated cylinder (regents)

Question 38

organism that cannot make its own food: a consumer

Answer 38

Heterotroph (regents)

Question 39

the body’s ability to destroy pathogens before they cause disease

Answer 39

Immunity (regents)

Question 40

the process of converting an economy into one in which large scale manufacturing is the primary economic base.

Answer 40

Industrialization (regents)

Question 41

the process that results in the population of sex cells

Answer 41

Meiosis (regents)

Question 42

all the chemical reactions that occur within the cells of an organism

Answer 42

Metabolism (regents)

Question 43

any alteration in the sequence of DNA

Answer 43

Mutation(regents)

Question 44

an energy source that results from splitting atoms

Answer 44

Nuclear fuel (regents)

Question 45

the section of a DNA molecule that contains a sugar a phosphate and a base.

Answer 45

Subunit (regents)