Chapter 9

Question 1

compound used by cells to store and release energy.

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches.

Answer 2

Photosynthesis

Question 3

light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy.

Answer 3

Pigment

Question 4

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms.

Answer 4

chlorophyll

Question 5

saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts.

Answer 5

Thylakoid

Question 6

fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids.

Answer 6

Stroma

Question 7

carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules.

Answer 7

NADP+

Question 8

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH.

Answer 8

Light-dependent reactions

Question 9

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle.

Answer 9

Light-independent reactions

Question 10

cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids.

Answer 10

Photosystem

Question 11

series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions.

Answer 11

electron transport chain

Question 12

cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it.

Answer 12

ATP synthase

Question 13

the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar.

Answer 13

Calvin cycle