Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

compound used by cells to store and release energy.

A

ATP

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2
Q

process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches.

A

Photosynthesis

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3
Q

light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy.

A

Pigment

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4
Q

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms.

A

chlorophyll

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5
Q

saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts.

A

Thylakoid

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6
Q

fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids.

A

Stroma

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7
Q

carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules.

A

NADP+

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8
Q

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH.

A

Light-dependent reactions

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9
Q

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle.

A

Light-independent reactions

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10
Q

cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids.

A

Photosystem

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11
Q

series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions.

A

electron transport chain

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12
Q

cluster of proteins that span the thylakoid membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it.

A

ATP synthase

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13
Q

the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar.

A

Calvin cycle

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