Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography paper 2 > Regeneration > Flashcards

Regeneration Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

primary sector

A

extraction of raw materials ( farming)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

secondary sector

A

manufacturing raw materials ( factory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

tertiary sector

A

providing services ( teacher)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

quarternary sector

A

research services ( scientist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how income effects qol

A

lower income often results in lower qol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rural areas- sectors

A

more activity in primary sector , low pay and manual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

urban area - sectors

A

more activity in secondary and tertiary sector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Locations of quarternary sectors

A

clustered in specific areas ( Oxford and Cambridge)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

self employment

A

pay less tax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

seasonal employment

A

low paid ( tourism, agriculture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

illegal employment

A

poor conditions, poor pay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

zero hours

A

no set contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

permanent emloyment

A

part of an agency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3 economic measures of regeneration

A

income levels , improved economic features , employment rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 environmental measures of regeneration

A

air/water quality
green space
dereliction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

4 social measures of regeneration
( ELND)

A

net migration
demographic change
life expectancy
educational outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4 Stakeholders of regeneration

A

residents
businesses
local/national government
property developers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

administrative functions of a place

A

schools, offices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

industrial functions of a place

A

factories/ warehouses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

retail functions of a place

A

shops /supermarkets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

commercial functions of a place

A

firms/ accountants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

4 functions of a place

A

commercial, retail, industrial, administrative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

3 things affecting demography of a place

A

ethnic composition
age of population
gentrification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

gentrification

A

LI people being displaced by affluent people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

6 factors influencing attachment to a place

A

Personal ( family)
Physical landscapes
Human Landscapes
Economic past
Religious past
Media image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Transient population

A

moving population so lack of engagement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What does attachment influence

A

how engaged people will be in the process of change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Clarke Fisher Model

A

shows the changes from pre industrial - industrial to post industrial britain and how sector of employment changed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

4 reasons a structure of a place may change

A

access to other places
post production
change in consumer trends
government intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

4 measures of change in places

A

land use changes
levels of deprivation
demographic changes
employment changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

primary sector and health

A

lower health as more manual work , lower income and exposure to harmful chemicals such as keregon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

food deserts

A

LI areas often are home to many fast food outlets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

5 factors determining Life Expectancy

A

gender
income
job
education
healthcare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

morbidity

A

measure of someones ill health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

longevity

A

measure of how long someone will live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

IMD ranks each small area in UK from most to least deprived , what’s the 7 indexes of deprivation ( ICBHEEL)

A

Income
Employment
Health
Crime
Education
barriers to housing and services
living environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

UK income equality

A

richest 1% receive 13% of all income

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Education inequality

A

In UK education is unequal , income levels correlate with education outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

high inequality and economy

A

it will reduce economic growth , some argue trickle down effect where wealth from richest trickles down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

3 features of a successful region

A

attract investment , good transport/infrastructure, low deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

features of an unsuccessful region

A

declining investment , high deprivation , ageing population, spiral of decline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

perception of success - young people

A

want a range of oppurtunities - want facilities such as bars and clubs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

perception of success - retirees

A

want a slower pace - want facilities such as transport, groups and healthcare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

perception of success - unskilled/ unemployed

A

have negative views about QOL in their area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Sink estates

A

council estates - least desirable to live in
in need of most support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Gated communities

A

wealthy people separated from others ( common in south Africa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

commuter villages

A

lack services for population
overcrowded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

declining rural settlements

A

no affordable housing for young people , lead to spiral of decline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

social polarisation

A

segregation in society due to inequality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

marginalised groups

A

people who feel under represented

51
Q

discrimination

A

can occur to ethnic minorities

52
Q

political views

A

contrasting ones cause conflict

53
Q

competing priorities

A

invetsment in some areas competes with investment in other areas ( HS2 and Grenfell)

54
Q

UK and migration target

A

UK target for net migration is 100,000 a year

55
Q

Diaspora

A

large number of people from an ethnic group living in clusters as they’re own area in a city

56
Q

Eg of diaspora

A

large clusters of eastern europeans in Lincolnshire creating their own community

57
Q

economic positives of migrants

A

fill skill shortages
young, working adults who pay taxes

58
Q

economic negatives of migrants

A

more pressure on services
may be hired over british people if more skilled
Ethnic attacks increase
impact identity of a place

59
Q

informal methods of representing a place

A

tourist boards, advertising agencies ,

60
Q

formal methods of representing a place

A

government stats , GIS, census

61
Q

what shows engagement in local community

A

local/council election turnout

62
Q

3 factors influencing decision to vote

A

language barriers
lack of trust in politicians
lack of sense of community

63
Q

5 Factors affecting attachment to a place

A

age
length of residence
ethicity/shared culture
studentification
memories

64
Q

4 qualitative methods of regen evaluation

A

photos
paintings
TV shows
written documents

65
Q

3 quantitive methods of regen evaluation

A

census data
index multiple deprivation
labour force surveys

66
Q

3 Methods to facilitate regeneration

A

infrastructure - HS2
energy - Nuclear station
regulation

67
Q

UK regen - Local enterprise partnerships

A

since 2010 regen has been led by private investment

68
Q

UK regen - flagship buildings

A

buidlings with high visual impact receive planning permission- Big Ben

69
Q

UK regen - regional development agencies

A

combine public and private investment

70
Q

UK regen - house shortages

A

severe housing shortage

71
Q

4 ways to attract investment

A

good transport infrastructure
housing/offices etc
science parks
interest groups

72
Q

tension and interest groups

A

work with local authority to attract investmenet however different groups have different ideas

73
Q

4 Regen startergies

A

retail led
tourism led
sport led
culture led

74
Q

3 ways an urban area could be rebranded

A

museums, Quaysides and apartments from industrial past ( Bristol temple quarter)

75
Q

3 ways to rebrand a rural area

A

farming unusual animals
farm shops
campsites

76
Q

Detroit Rustbelt - what was in known for

A

was known as motown as was home to 4 big motor companies which created jobs for a lot of detroit

77
Q

Detroit Rustbelt- what happened

A

car manufacturing moved to Japan which led to de industrilisation.
White flight to suburbs and centre was home to LI black people who couldn’t pay so stuff got repossessed

78
Q

Detroit Rustbelt - effects

A

28% unemployment rate
problems with drugs and crime
rows of burnt out houses
1/3rd of population are below poverty line

79
Q

Middlesborough built environment

A

whole streets boarded up, fly tipping , antisocial behaviour

80
Q

Middlesborough unemployment

A

unemployment rate is 13%
in 30% of households there is no body working

81
Q

what caused Middlesbrough to decline

A

deindustrilistion and SSI steelworks closure

82
Q

Middlesbrough - what makes it unsuccessful

A

high levels of unemployment , low education - unattractive for investment

83
Q

Bristols regen - 2 places

A

docks - retail , leisure, residential purpose
however flats were low quality but pricey
Cabot Circus - joint private and council investment
attracts people and investment

84
Q

Why are businesses attracted to Sydney

A

half of Aus top 500 companies are based there
academic, young and economically active workforce

85
Q

Sydney - evidence it’s succesful

A

GDP of $337 billion in 2013
450,000 businesses based there

86
Q

Berkshire - housing issue

A

demand for living space has made it one of the most expensive areas in UK

87
Q

property prices in Berkshire

A

risen by 40-50% in 10 years

88
Q

Berkshire employment

A

half population is employed in knowledge based professional work

89
Q

Berkshire - what makes it successful

A

M4 corridor, pleasent environment , high tech industry

90
Q

Hartcliffe - Deprivation effects

A

high social housing , low life expectancy , poor health , high crime rate, media has negative image

91
Q

What caused Hartcliffes Deprivation

A

Imperial tobacco used to employ many there but left so now little investment

92
Q

Reasons for Docklands decline

A

strikes backfired
poor transport links
wasteland

93
Q

History of London Docklands

A

handled 60 mil tonnes of cargo a year
employed 150,000

94
Q

London Dockland effect on private investment

A

every £1 spent , £10 of private investment attracted

95
Q

London Dockland regen- effect on community’s jobs

A

training projects improved qualifications

96
Q

London Dockland effect on transport

A

limestone link connects Docklands to London
£450 million spent

97
Q

London Dockland effect on housing

A

50,000 new homes
8000 council houses improved

98
Q

London Dockland effect on environment

A

600 hectares of derelict land regenerated
parks and river improved
cost £300 million

99
Q

Cornwall - why its rurally deprived

A

isolated and reliant on tourism - brain drain
second homes that locals can’t afford

100
Q

4 projects to regen Cornwall

A

Eden project - generated income but also congestion
Watergate bay - sports academy attracts young people but tourism
high fibre broadband - media companys can locate
unis - skilled workforce , stop brain drain

101
Q

civic engagement

A

turnout in local and general elections

102
Q

Marginalisation

A

on edge of society

103
Q

5 factors affecting lived experiences

A

age
ethnicity
gender
length of residence
how deprived

104
Q

Conflict in a community - Causes London riots 2011

A

ethnic tension , inequality,
lack of economic opportunity
warm summer so people drinking on street

105
Q

Northen powerhouse

A

a proposal to boost economic growth in North of England

106
Q

Evidence of North South divide

A

higher income in south
6.6% unemployment in North and 3.3% in South
Life expectancy in Manchester is 71.8 and in Chelsea 84.7

107
Q

Examples of infrastructure regen in UK

A

HS2
Hinkley C
high speed broadband

108
Q

Examples of social regen in UK

A

academies and free school programmes
CUC cornwall

109
Q

HS2

A

key for northern power house
connecting Birmingham to London

110
Q

Flagship project

A

a large scale scheme that are high cost and time consuming ( HS2, heathrow runway)

111
Q

pathfinder project

A

working on northern areas in significant decline and rebuilding them

112
Q

features of local enterprise zone

A

discounts for businesses
tax relief
simplified planning permission
superfast broadband

113
Q

purpose of science parks

A

present an area for being suitable for inward investment

114
Q

9 types of regen strategies
( TNSITMRS)

A

themed event
new settlements
sustainable communities
infrastructure
technology
retail led
marketing heritage
improved businesses
sports, art and culture

115
Q

Why economic change was needed - olympic regen

A

east end had no jobs
young people had no access to training

116
Q

why social change was needed - Olympic regen

A

lack of affordable housing
Newham salary is a fifth of Kensington

117
Q

why environmental change was needed - Olympic regen

A

contaminated land
toxic waste

118
Q

Local residents view of Olympic regen

A

good as provided jobs however bad as some were evicted

119
Q

Businesses owners view of olympic regen

A

bad as evicted

120
Q

Enviromentalists view of olympic regen

A

good as toxic sights were cleaned up

121
Q

Government , Mayor view of olympic regen

A

yes as housing, money and economy benefitted

122
Q

Social reasons for Cornwall’s regen

A

brain drain as young people leaving
village stores and post offices closing down
a house in cornwal cost 8x average salary

123
Q

economic reasons for Cornwall’s regen

A

primary industry suffered decline
EU withdrawal of subsidies led to farming decline
poor transport makes economic growth difficult

Geography paper 2 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions