Regenerating places case studies Flashcards
1
Q
Jaywick
A
- Coastal village near Clacton on sea
- Holiday resort in 1930s
- Most deprived area in England
- High unemployment levels (over 50%)
- High crime rates
- Top 1% most deprived areas nationally
- Lack of investment due to poor image
- Government and local authorities have suggested demolishing unsafe housing, building newer housing on higher ground
- Government awarded £6 million to support regeneration in 2017
- Local groups argue that regeneration must respect the existing community identity
- Spiral of decline
2
Q
Boscombe
A
- Experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century
- From the 1960s onwards, Boscombe experienced underinvestment and decline
- As people experienced an increase in disposable income, people travelled abroad more (cheaper air travel when the airport was built)
- Spiral of decline
- 1965 railway station closed
- Trams provided routes to Boscombe in the late 1900s costing 6p
- Development of the pier in 1888 meant steamboats started arriving
- Boscombe spa regeneration project in 2008 £11 million investment to renovate the pier
- Received £22 million from the government’s town fund to develop new housing and green spaces
- Failed surf reef costing £3.2 million aimed at creating artificial surfable waves, closed 2 years after opening
3
Q
Southampton
A
- Very well connected (M3, M27, A34)
- 3rd busiest port in the UK
- Airport contributes £160 million to UK economy
- EZ3 is an enterprise zone focusing on tech
- Westquay
- Contributes £2.5 billion to UK economy in a year
- Very fast internet speeds
- Very large port encouraging trade (400m long ships can fit)
- Mayflower theatre
- Southampton city vision plan to deliver 20,000 new homes by 2040, including affordable housing targets
- CCAP focuses on waterfront development and improving green spaces
- Green city plan aims to make Southampton a carbon neutral city by 2030 through sustainable transport
4
Q
Berkshire
A
- M4 runs along the county
- M25 runs to the east
- Heathrow is close
- Half of workers employed in knowledge based occupations
- 70,000 additional well qualified workers by 2025
- Most expensive villages in the UK due to high demand
- House prices risen 50% from 2005 to 2015
- 6 bedroom properties were £2 million
- 40% of workers are immigrants
- 0.4% of neighbourhoods are deprived
- Good quality land for development
- Good and accessible to London
- Plan to develop 10,500 new homes
- Encourage a mixture of house sizes
- Invest in sustainable public transport
5
Q
San Francisco Bay area
A
- New homeless person each day
- Thousands homeless
- Sleeping on sidewalks, under bridges, in tents
- Deal with huge rats which carry diseases
- Bucket as a toilet
- Everyone is a couple of pay checks away from being homeless
- No showers
6
Q
Rust belt
A
- Once powerful manufacturing region famous for steel and car production
- Fell into economic decline following automation and manufacturing shift to Asia
- Large scale deindustrialisation
- Beattyville’s coal industry declined causing it to be one and USA’s poorest towns
- Median household income is £8000
- Half of families live below poverty line
- Drug crime was rife
- Properties in Detroit fell to as low as $1
7
Q
Middlesbrough
A
- Struggled with consequences of deindustrialisation since the 1980s
- Around 20000 people have left the town since 1990
- 2008 global recession closed remaining businesses
- 30% of working age households have nobody in paid employment
- Average house price of £57000
- High levels of antisocial behaviour
- Finance is low so no significant regeneration can take place
- Protect and enhance sports facilities
- £215 million investment to create 1500 jobs
- Build 11,500 homes
8
Q
London riots 2011
A
- Thousands of people rioted in cities
- Looting, arson
- 5 deaths
- Started following death of Mark Duggan who was shot dead by police
- Destruction of police vehicles and a double decker bus
- ‘copycat violence’
- 3443 crimes in London
- £200 million worth of property damage
