Regenerating Places Flashcards
what is the national average of manufacturing by output area in the uk
9.10%
what is the average of manufacturing by output area in Birmingham
> > where is most of this % and how much of total manufacturing in Birmingham does it total
11.58%
> > > 38% in Langley Sandwell
what is the average of manufacturing by output area in Swansea`
> > > where is most of this % and how much of total manufacturing in Swansea does it total
10.03%
> > > 32% Neath Port Talbot
what is the average of professional and scientific and technical activities by output area on average in UK
6.3%
what is the average of professional and scientific and technical activities by output area on average in Birmingham
where is this mostly concentrated and what %
Birmingham 4.75%
|»_space;>31% of this in Ladywood
what is the average of professional and scientific and technical activities by output area on average in Swansea
where is this mostly concentrated and what %
Swansea 3.7%
|»_space;>20% in Oystermouth
what is the brain drain?
> > > what is this associated with
movement of skilled professionals/ workers
generally associated with being Parochial and less tied to place of birth which is associated with intellect
as distance from London increases what is the trend with average income
decreases with distance
home counties such as Buckinghamshire earn how much on average
what is the average income in Snowdonia and Cornwall
£25,000- 35,000
in snowdon/cornwall is £17,000
what are reasons x2 for differences in wealth as you distance from capital
> brain drain
>north east are still deindustrialising compared to south east so less tertiary and quaternary industry
what factors is quality of life based on
health education leisure time income education achievement
in 2014 the top 1% of population recieved what % of countries income
this total was equal to what % of the poorest population income combined `
13%
55%
top 10% of employees earn how much annually
£53,000
this includes managers, directors and senior officials
bottom 10% of emplyees earn weekly wages of what
less that £288
this in jobs like customer service or carers
what % people in labour force are on a zero hours contract and what problems do they face
more than 2% and face problems like debt and lack of savings
how much of the Uk growth output was created in the south of the UK between 1997 and 2007
how much was this in 2008
37%
become 48% in 2008 despite economic crash going on and other areas of the UK in decline
what % children are in poverty in camden
34%
what % children live in poverty nationally
21%
Port talbot in swansea has ___ numbers of part time and full time employees dependent on the success of its _____ industry
large
secondary
which area of swansea has had the most regeneration
sea front and central areas
in terms of inequality in quality of life in UK
which groups of workers are more at risk of poor health
those who work in long hours in farming or building manual labour or people who are exposed to chemicals
what % of premature deaths were in deprived communities
43%
where is cardiovascular disease highest and lowest
highest in scotland
lowest in south east
what is the average life expectancy for men/ and women in the Uk
men 77.2
women 81.6
which factors effect life expectancy
gender, income, occupation and education as well as lifestyle choices like diet and smoking
compare life expectancy in Glasgow and East Dorset
- 6 Glasgow
82. 9 east Dorset
why is education unequal across the UK
- peoples outcomes and grades often linked to income levels of families
- disadvantaged children may be reluctant to carry onto higher education
of children living in poverty what % in 2013 achieved 5 GCSES grades A* to C including maths and English
31%
what % have a long term health problem in Hodgehill birmingham
how does this compare in Aston, Birmingham
13%
0.5% in aston
what % have a long term health problem in Castle, swansea
how does this compare in Killay North, swansea
- 5%
0. 8% in Killay North
what % of people in Ladywood have a degree
what about Greets Green?
74%
1.6% in Greets Green
what % of people in sketty, Swansea have a degree
how does this differ with Penderry
- 1%
2. 6% in Penderry
what % of houses in Aston, brum have 5 or more bedrooms
what about in Soho
36%
0% in Soho
what % people in uplands have 5 or more bedrooms
what about in castle
42%
castle has 0%
breifly describe changes in swansea over time?
> 1700s was a copper works w/ imports from cornwall
late 19th centuary was a fashionable seaside resort and copper and tinplate industry at their peaks
20th century shared decline in indurtrial and more petroleum industry
WW2 caused decline in industries
`now public secotor larger
what % of swanseas jobs are in health and education
38.3%
what % of swanseas jobs are in hotels and restaurants
24.2%
what % employment in 2008 in swansea
what % of this in professional technical jobs
- 7%
14. 3%
what % swansea in sales and customer service
13% which is lower than national average
how much did manufacturing in swansea fall by between 2001 and 2006
25%
what is the average income in swansea
£21,500
swansea is the ____largest retail centre in the UK
18th which is high considering its population
example of manufacturers based in swansea
Alberto-Culver
example of services based in swansea
Admiral multicar
positives of gentrification
- increases property value which is good for yupees
- attracts expensive stores so high earning people spend more time in the city
- service provision- less fast food for eg) more health
negatives of gentrification
- can cause social division and exclusion as well as social stratification
- considered bad/negative but inevitable
- pushes out locals as higher house prices push low skilled workers away
- less service provision depending on people
what proportion of birmingham was born overseas
1/5
what % of the population are born ethnic groups other than white in birmingham
42%
what % don’t consider english as a first language
16%
which parts of Birmingham do most migrants settle
Sparkbrook and Sparkhill
what proportion of Birmingham is under 45
66%
what % of swansea proportion resident population white
94%
what has the proportion of non-white ethnic groups increased by between 2001 to 2011
2.2% to 6%
largest groups being Chinese and Bangladeshi
what % of poeple in swansea in 2011 born outside Uk
7.2%
impacts of studentification
-more crime and ASB drug use
-more noise and litter
+diversification of services
-increase in fast food and cheap food/booze
-pubs converted to bars
where is main student population in birmingham and swansea
birmingham- selly oaks
Swansea- uplands
what is demography
statistics of a population
factors such as age structure , wealth and ethnic composition effect this
age structure —> studentification
wealth —-> gnetrification
ethnic composition —> proportion born overseas and different groups more diversity
how many students at Birmingham
28,664
example of a sink estate
Hulme in Manchester
example of a commuter village/town
Yate 12 miles east of Bristol
also lots of places like Slough and Reading
example of gated communities
more common in america not many in UK
what are the priorities of sink estates
- regeneration of housing estates
- cheaper housing
- reducing crime
- access to health care and education
what are the priorities of commuter villages
- maintaining greenspace for wellbeing of locals whilst also accomodating for demand in housing
- transport connections, faster trains and roads
what are the priorities of gated communities
- reduce crime by increasing security
- deter access from unknown people
what are the problems associated with gated communities
- social segregation
- rich/poor divide
in 1991 how many in Hulme were unemployed
what % of this is long term
39%
51% (so half)
what % of Hulme left education at 17 in 1991
74%
what % had no car in Hulme in 1991
81%
how many schools were built in Yate
what other regeneration plans were built
2
as well as this sports and leisure and the Ridge housing estate
what does engagement mean
how much a person contributes to their community
which factors effect levels of engagement
- age- more attachments
- length of residence- less time less attachments
- level of deprivation- higher levels of this associated with anti-establishment views
- gender- women still feel less happy to go to the pub alone, children means more involvement
- ethnicity-levels of acceptance
examples of ways people engage in their area
- running local allotments
- maintaining local nature reserves
- village shops
- NIMBY not in my back yard to stop planned developments
- fundraising to help vulnerable
- meals of wheels
how do levels of engagement vary between sink estates and commuter villages and gated communites
exclusion from communities can makes people feel marginalised and social segregation arises.
- Commuter villages result in clustering or grouping of similar types of people such as skilled workers
- similar idea seen in gated communities with elite professionals and in sink estates with more unemployed service jobs.
- sink estates have less economic opportunities
how are urban and rural communities interdependent
- rural areas depend on urban areas for hospitals and education and leisure
- urban rely on on rural for wellbeing and farming
how many customers in 2017 at Birmingham airport in 2017
12.9 million
making it the 7th busiest airport in the UK
what is HS2
high speed railway from London to northern powerhouses and will also connect birmingham to London
how many customers come to the bullring each year
38 million
when are birmingham going to host the commonwealt games
2022
72 countries
which motorways connect to birmingham
M6
M40
M5
M42
what festival do swansea hold in autumn
music and art at Bragwyn hall
which motorway is swansea connected to london by
M4
does swansea have an airport
yes a minor one
where is swansea twinned with
cork in Ireland
how much is the tourims industry worth in swansea
£417million a year including the Gower
what large scale development is being undertaken in swansea SA1 region and how much will this cost?
how much will this boost their economy
3,500 seater arena which will cost £100million as well as overhauling the old st Davids centre
will boost economy by £40 million a year
assess how areas can be affected by regional, national and global influences
answer plan»»
para 1 - the connections of brum and swansea
para 2- the national influence of brum and swansea
para 3- international impact of TNCs retail an migration to both brum and swansea- eg proport. of oversea residents.
boston case study
-what was boston like before migration occurred
-quiet farming town w/ markets and harvest periods and used to be irish workers
what caused change in boston
movement of migrants from europe and lower wages
boston now has the highest proportion of eastern european immigrants than anywhere in UK
what were the advantages of the migration to boston
-became more lively
more diversity and cultural influence eg turkish and polish food
what were the disadvantages of migration to boston
more far right views/ brexit and ukip
divide between rich and poor
social segregation
how much less a week wage than national average
£100
what % of over 65 voted
65%
