Regenerating places Flashcards
Name and give examples of the 5 types of industry
Primary: agriculture/fishing secondary: Manufacturing Tertiary: Services Quaternary: knowledge based Quinary: High level stem/ finance roles
Name 5 employment change in the uk
More in tertiarary sector More in temporary work More self employed e.g. deliveroo Many students in part time roles 9 million contracts in 2015 were part time
Name 5 problems with changes to employment
Gender pay gap, men paid 10% more Zero hour contracts Businesses using illegal migrant labour Apprentices under paid Temporary/ seasonal work
Describe using facts the changes to part time jobs
1960, 5% in part time work
2010, 25%
Describe using facts the changes to working hhours
1960, 42 hours a week on average
2010, 32 hours
Describe using facts the changes to industrial employment
1960, 250000 employed
2010, 20000
Describe using facts the changes to textiles employment
1960, 1 million in textiles work
2010, 100000
Name 4 problems of deindustrialisation of the London Docklands
1981, 60% of men unemployed
12000 blue collar jobs lost
71.5% increase in crime from 1975-1985
Lots of derelict/polluted land
How was the London Docklands regenerated
Land was sold privately £1 billion spent on infrastructure £1.86 billion of public money invested 2700 businesses trading 24046 homes were built 5 health centres 15 educational buildings
Name 4 facts about the Quayside regeneration
EU funded Quayside regeneration (£1.1 billion over 5 years)
EU gave £2.8 million to the Toffee Factory
Northern powerhouse scheme to add £6 million to the North East by 2030
£ 430 million in government money
What is the IMD?
The Index of Multiple Deprivation measure 37 indicators against 1500 residents in over 30000 locations in the UK
Why is pennsylvannia’s Rust Belt declining?
TNC’s have left the area to invest in cheaper countries
Finite materials e.g. copper
Mechanisation has reduced the number of jobs
Brain Drain from the area
Describe the effects of deindustrialisation of Beatyville Kentucky
The area was not economically diverse and collapsed without the coal industry
1/2 in poverty
1/3 don’t graduate high school
56% of deaths by drugs
Overcrowded homes
Life expectancy is 8 years less than national average
Give 4 facts about Cornwall,a declining rural area
No copper left Not economically diverse Attracts older migrants, aging population is £££ High use of food banks High levels of mental illness
Why are sink estates priority areas for regeneration?
post war/ cheap homes are dangerous e.g. Grenfell Tower
Attracts only low income residents
wasted open space
No faith in authorities e.g. 6 murders in one day inLondon
Why are commuter villages a priority for regeneration?
Little commercial/ industrial activity
Lacks community spirit
Expensive travel fairs
Supports house prices to increase in London
Why are rural settlements a priority area for regeneration?
Decline in young population Brain drain suburbs/ seasonal homes pushing up prices Job losses due to urbanisation Not very accessible e.g. no broadband
Why are gated communities a concern?
Expensive for the tax payer
segregates class, creates tension
poorer social lasses lack access to public space
crime relocates it doesn’t disappear
Explain the UK’s history of regeneration
1960’s: slum clearance, bottom up
1990’s: community involvement
2010: Austerity regeneration policies
2015: Mayoral governance responsible
Name 3 facts about HS2
will provide 20000 jobs
It will provide 4.5 million journeys a year
It will connect The North to London
It will cost £56 billion
Describe the pro’s and con’s of fracking
+ It could help the UK half it’s CO2 emissions
+Communities will recieve £100000 cash injection and 1% of industry revenues
+ Could regenerate the North
-NIBYISM
-Earth tremours
-Unknown consequences
Describe the pro’s and con’s of deregulation policies
\+London became more modern \+Increased trade in the 1990's \+Increased jobs \+Mergers and takeovers -Deregulation caused the recession -The 1980's pension scandal
Name 4 facts on how the London Olympics regeneration was beneficial
70000 jobs were created £9.9 billion ivested in London £120million of contracts between London and Brazil 4% increase in tourism Tourists spent £19 billion
Evaluate the sports led regeneration of London
+Low income wards chosen
+Improvements to the environment
+800 new homes
-New homes were too expensive at £600000 a year
-Regeneration forced 200 businesses to relocate
Name and explain the benefits of a cultural regenration
Tate modern (London) Creates 3000 jobs Worth £100 million to London £70 million per annum The space used was a derelict power station, which is now a prized location
Name 4 benefits of tourism led regeneration using Bradford as an example
10000 jobs in tourist industry
in 10 years the tourist sectors value has doubled to £400 million
80% of Bradfords income is from day tourists
Victorian history preserved for toruism
Name 4 benefits of Liverpool’s cultural and retail regeneration
6 million tourists visit the docks annually
The Beatles museum is an international attraction
In 2004, Liverpool’s population increased for the first time in nearly 100 years
Attracted £2 billion worth of investment
14000 jobs created in 2008
How was Salford Quay regenerated?
300000 feet of office space created
Unique and accesible attractions built to bring in visators e.g. special cinema
Infrastructure updated to attract businesses like Kelloggs
What were the impacts of the Regeneration?
£400 million in private sector investment
1000 jobs created
crime levels have dropped
Education rates have improved
Why did Salford Quay need to be regenerated?
Employment was at a 17 year low
Educational levels were below national average
Vandalism and crime were at a high because of unemployment
Brain drain due to dock work being the main source of employment
