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geography paper 2 > regenerating places > Flashcards

regenerating places Flashcards

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1
Q

regeneration

A

plans focus on the fabric of a place: new buildings and spaces with new purposes

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2
Q

rebranding

A

ways in which a place is deliberately reinvented for economic reasons, and then marketed using its new identity to attract new investors

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3
Q

settlement site

A

peice of and upon which a settlement is built

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4
Q

situation

A

position of a place in relation to the surrounding human and physical features

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5
Q

identifying with places

A
  • human landscapes (often linked to physical factors)
  • portrayal in media
  • economic past ( Leeds town hall dates from wealthy past)
  • personal factors (family, friends, past experiences)
  • food and drink
  • physical landscapes
  • religious past
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6
Q

primary and secondary sectors decline

understanding your place

A

Goods produced were often more expensive than in other countries
- more expensive to mine
- UK wages were often higher

Derelict land was created by mines being closed in 1980’s
- unemployment soared

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7
Q

significant economic and social inequalities

understanding your place

A

UK average £502.20 mean weekly average

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8
Q

tertiary and quaternary sectors grew

understanding your place

A

Tertiary sector
- tourist and retail areas grew BUT they are seasonal

Quaternary sector
- finance generates huge wealth
- can locate anywhere (footloose)
- financial insentives and connectivity

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9
Q

Manchester 1712 - 1830

A

Pre industrial decline
- attracted rapid increasing migrants
- collanised by little groups such as ‘little Ireland’
- slum dwellings, pollution, disease spread

  • small market wool trade
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10
Q

Manchester 1840 - 1940

A

Boom in textile industry
- industrialisation
- considered a second city

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11
Q

Manchester 1950

A

deindustrialised city

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12
Q

Manchester 1960

A

salford quays closed due to containterisation

global shift

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13
Q

MAnchester 1990’s

A
  • Regeneration lead to development of offices and reuranisation of city centre areas
  • IRA bombing
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14
Q

Manchester 2002

A
  • commonwealth games
  • quaternary sector begins
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15
Q

Manchester 2013

A

BBC moved to salford quays which made londiners migrate their for their jobs

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16
Q

Hertford 1827

A

McMullen brewery opnened (big employer)

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17
Q

Hertford 1924

A

Hertford north built

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18
Q

Hertord 1971

A

population was 19540

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19
Q

Hertford 1950

A

counterurbanisation - train connections - people encouraged to move for work

20
Q

Hertford 1980 - 2015

A

waterfront moved from industry to flats and housing

21
Q

Hertford 2010 - 2020

A
  • large cosmetics industry
  • hair, nails in towncentre
  • many cafes
22
Q

Hertford 2023

A
  • Population was 28000
  • second largest town in East herts
  • hartham common was regenerated
23
Q

Northern powerhouse

A
  • An attempt t corral the North’s population of 15 million into a collective force
24
Q

geographical identity

A

an individual or groups sense of attachment to the country, region, city or village in which they live. the key characteristics with which a particular place is associated

25
Q

Canal street identity

A
  • gay village
  • different cities have different areas
  • area thrived in 19th century (cotton)
  • first gay pride in 1985
  • bars and clubs for LGBTQ+
26
Q

consumerism

A
  • driven by TNCs
  • changes in economy with growth on manufacturing
  • products people own makes up idenity
  • designer products, named brands etc
27
Q

Hertford identity

A
  • county town
  • commuter town
  • middle clas
  • independant shops and restaurants
28
Q

Manchesters identity

A
  • culturally diverse
  • working class
  • worker bee
  • make things yourself
  • history
29
Q

The rust belt

A
  • decline in metal manufacturing
  • deindustrialisation
  • negative multiplier
30
Q

cumulative causation

A

a process usually triggered by a new industryby a new industry (TNC) which attracts employees and supportive companies such as those involved with supplies, infastructure and leisure

31
Q

What makes hertford successful

A
  • finance
  • commuter town
  • accessible to cities
  • road and rail
  • regeneraition and investment
32
Q

What makes manchester successful

A
  • well connected
  • BBC investment
  • immigration
  • stadium regeneration
33
Q

Hulme background info

A
  • £37.5 million government regeneration package (top-down scheme)
  • April 1992
  • Aimed to repair damage of post-war and 1960’s housing follies
34
Q

the cresents hulme

A
  • In the 1960s, much of the old Hulme was swept away and slum housing was replaced by new council homes including the Crescents
  • The Crescents was a disastrous failure with chronic problems relating to damp, heating, pest infestation, crime and safety.
  • demolition began in 1991
  • In that year, the population was less than 7,500, 98% of the housing stock was council-owned, and about 30% of the properties were vacant.
35
Q

Hulme city challenge

A
  • New model of co-operative housing
  • Social integration and communal activity 18 hours a day
  • Variety of 50 flats
  • U-shaped layout
  • Affordable, environmentally friendly building materials
  • ‘Build for change’ is £1.5m project- 25 new homes
  • By 2001 the population of Hulme had recovered to more than 10000 and 46% of homes were owner-occupied
  • By 2010 the population was 15200
36
Q

homes for change

hulme city challenge

A
  • New model of co-operative housing
  • Social integration and communal activity 18 hours a day
  • Variety of 50 flats
  • U-shaped layout
  • Affordable, environmentally friendly building materials
  • ‘Build for change’ is £1.5m project- 25 new homes
  • By 2001 the population of Hulme had recovered to more than 10000 and 46% of homes were owner-occupied
  • By 2010 the population was 15200
37
Q

hulme profile

A
  • Population 19500
  • Young workforce 20-24 years old
  • Household not deprived 52.1%
  • socioeconomic status full time students- 35.8%
38
Q

problems for residents in hulme

A
  • industry is surrounded by high-density residential area, which could be a threat to residents’ physical health
  • suffering noise problem because the highway runs around the whole community, such as A57
  • Urban blocks, main building types of Hulme, provide people a good-quality environment but residents living near busy traffic routes are suffering noise and air pollution
39
Q

Hulme education

A

Hulme has a large number of schools. 3 out of the 5
primary schools have more students than the campus
can hold. In order to improve the teaching quality of
Hulme and education level, a new primary school
including nursery should be established.- regeneration

40
Q

media city (what was done, type of rebranding, soc env eco impacts)

A
  • Worked with stakeholders to deliver a more climate resilient future for all and A growing number of bars and restaurants featuring well-known names
  • A new hub for innovation in immersive technologies and is Europe’s largest purpose-built digital hub
  • Have sent zero waste to landfill for their fifth consecutive year, 10.5 million visitors to Media City and Quayside
41
Q

Hulme park (what was done, type of rebranding, soc env eco impacts)

A
  • Development of Hulme park, a large area of green space and facilities which connects Hulme to Manchester city centre
  • A multipurpose space with sports facilities, recreational activities, playground and peaceful areas. A range of factors to appeal to different stakeholders
  • 200 new trees around perimeter,
    Park goes into the town centre but no cycle routes
42
Q

castlefield (what was done, type of rebranding, soc env eco impacts)

A
  • transformed from a derelict industrial area into a thriving place to live and work. It is the UK’s first Urban Heritage Park
  • Tourism-led regeneration as they took advantage of the tourism potential
  • Open spaces are well landscaped and maintained, some having been refurbished, and others newly created, like Catalan Square, site of the prize winning Merchant’s Bridge across to Slate Wharf → environmental
43
Q

What did London 2012 games aim to do?

A
  • regenerate and transform area (stratford)
  • incorporate sustainable principles into urban regeneration
  • create a lasting legacy
  • increase supply of affordable housing
44
Q

Sydney- global city

successful city

A
  • in 2015 population was 4.5 mil
  • international migration
  • multicultural city (250 languages spoken)
  • large proportion of high income jobs in the knowledge economy
  • GDP was $337 bil in 2013
  • leadign financial centre for asia
  • low levels for multiple deprivation
45
Q

comulative causation

+ve and -ve

A

positives:
- good places get better
- a positive or upward spiral
- desireability attracts inward migration and investment

Negatives:
- could lead to a two-teir economy
- could be a skills shortage
- growth occurs ar the expense of another place

46
Q

comulative causation def

A

a process usually triggered by a new industry (TNC) which attracts employees and supportive companies such as those involved with supplies, infastructure and leisure

47
Q
A

geography paper 2 (6 decks)

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