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geography paper 2 > MIS eq1 > Flashcards

MIS eq1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Sovereignty

A

the authority of a state to govern itself (power)

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2
Q

nation state

A

a state in which a great majority shares the same culture. - cultural boundaries match up with political boundaries.

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3
Q

globalisation

A

he increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through the movement of goods, services, diffusion of technology and capital across borders. Also shown through culture, lifestyles and global processes such as climate change.

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4
Q

economic system

A

An organized way in which a state or nation allocates its resources and apportions goods and services in the national community.

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5
Q

migration patterns 1990-1995

A

latin America –> North America 3.4 million

Africa to Africa 7.5 million

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6
Q

migration patterns 1995-2000

A

North America to Europe 50000

Europe to North America 800000

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7
Q

migration patterns 2000-2005

A

Africa to Europe 1.8 million

Europe to Europe 2.7 million

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8
Q

migration patterns 2005-2010

A

South Asia to West Asia 4.5 million

North America to Europe 1.2 million

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9
Q

Australia’s migration policiy

A

Skills based

Migrants tend to be younger (88% under 40)

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10
Q

How many syrians have been displaced?

A

12 million

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11
Q

The EU Schengen agreement

A
  • abolished any international border controls
  • passport free migration across EU
  • critisized as it could give easy access to cheaper labour and allowing terrorists
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12
Q

High number of Irish immigrants since when?

A

1800

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13
Q

The windrush generation

A
  • Brixton (carribean ethnic enclave)
  • 1948-1970
  • set up own ‘economy’
  • safety in numbers
  • racial descrimination
  • social cohesion
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14
Q

2004 post accession Polish migrants

A
  • increase of temporary Polish migrants in 2004 was around 580000
  • EU opened labour market
  • Communism collapsed and high employment rates rose
  • Polish people were frustrated
  • Widely spread across UK
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15
Q

1945-1961 - post war commonwealth immigration

A
  • Punjabi’s served in British army
  • manufacturing textile jobs
  • after immigration act in 1962, most south Asian workers decide to settle in the UK
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16
Q

neoclassical economic theory

A

the most significant push/pullfactors are wage differences, causing migration flows from low-wage to high wage areas eg Poland and China

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17
Q

Dual labour market theory

A

pull factors in developed countries bring migrant workers to fill the lowest- skilled jobs because the home population does not wish to do this work eg Eastern Europe to the UK

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18
Q

The new economies of labour migration

A

more complex than push/pull at an individual level as source countries improve their living conditions through remittances eg Indian migrants to Quatar

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19
Q

Relative deprivation theory

A

Successful migrants serve as examples of others and encourage further movement (education, income, etc) eg WIndrush generation

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20
Q

World systems theory (wallerstein)

A

the world economy is divided into core, semi-peripheral and periphery area. Even after decolonisation former colonies, remain economically dependant on ‘superpowers’ eg French colonies to France

21
Q

a further cause of migration is?

A

displacement

22
Q

Depopulation in Burnley due to?

A

poor life satisfaction

23
Q

Milton keynes

A

hotspot for business and job growth (£13900m GVA)

24
Q

Anna - 2015 From Poland

Reasons for migrants coming to Leicester

A

for University. Able to learn about different cultures in Leicester. Loves being able to do so many things and seeing many different people. Made friends and enjoys her time there.
Neoclassical economic theory

25
Q

Earle 1958 took a
Boat from Kingston - Jamaica to Southampton.

Reasons for migrants coming to Leicester

A

Notting Hill riot. Heard about the riot and went to look. Then moved to Leicester as a skilled worker.
Relative deprivation theory

26
Q

Andrea -
From Slovakia

Reasons for migrants coming to Leicester

A

because of her love from a man in the Uk. Made her Own dance club specialising in belly dancing which has helped her make a living. She misses the culture of Slovakia. Communities do separate from each other and don’t integrate as much.
Dual Labour Market Theory

27
Q

contentious

A

likely to cause disagreement or argument

28
Q

national identity

A

results from a common background based on historical and modern culture, symbolism and feelings of belonging

29
Q

sovereignty

A

the rights of a country to govern itself

30
Q

Syria

refugee crisis

A
  • going on for 12 years
  • 6.8 million internally displaced
  • UNHCR has been providing humanitarian aid to the refugees
31
Q

Ukraine

refugee crisis

A
  • Over 40% of population require urgent humanitarian support
  • externally displaced
32
Q

Hong Kong’s change of national identity

A
  • protests in Hong Kong
  • communism vs sovereignty
  • violent disagreements
33
Q

Australia

Should nations be in complete control of immigration?

A

YES

migration act 1958 required any unauthorised people to be detained - national geographic

34
Q

UK

Should nations be in complete control of immigration?

A

YES

£1000 fee may be introduced on migrants to reduce the amount

35
Q

Canada

Should nations be in complete control of immigration?

A

NO

combatted shortage of skilled workforce by opening border - national geographic

36
Q

Sweden

Should nations be in complete control of immigration?

A

NO

open door policy

37
Q

integration

A

how an immigrant group fits into the lifestyle and culture of the host country, sometimes at the dispense of their own distinctiveness

38
Q

Ethnic segregation

A

the voluntary or enforced separation of people of different cultures

39
Q

music

Impact of migration on British culture

A

Windrush generation - Musicians from the Caribbean - brought styles such as reggae and jazz, which fused with British music to revolutionise music

40
Q

Food

Impact of migration on British culture

A
  • 109 Polish Restaurants
  • 8000 Indian Restaurants
  • 10413 Chinese Restaurants
  • All of the locations of these restaurants are wide spread across the UK.
41
Q

sport

impact of migration on British culture

A
  • Indian migration has highlighted crickets role in shaping society as the British Empire diffused the sport among English-speaking countries
  • Yorkshire fined £400,000 and docked points over cricket racism as a result of allegations of racism and discrimination from the club for 17 years
42
Q

politics

impact of migration on British culture

A
  • Increase in migration has exacerbated natives concerns about the costs of immigration- contributing to the rise of right-wing parties with nationalist and anti-immigrant agendas
  • For example: the British National Party has a policy aimed at stopping all immigration on the grounds that migration is ‘the greatest threat to our precious and unique British identity’.
43
Q

fashion

impact of migration on British culture

A

Many Waves of polish and jewish migrants have helped shaped fashion by bring various textile and shoe making skills some of which starting their own brands such as Marks and Spencers who was founded by a polish migrant

44
Q

TV/film

impacts of migration on British culture

A

Disney put out content warning for racism in classic films E.G Dumbo, lady and the tramp, the jungle book and peter pan.

45
Q

religion/beliefs

impacts of migration on British culture

A

46.2% of the population are christian, 6.5% muslim, 1.7% hindu, 0.9% sikh, 0.5% jewish, 0.5% Buddhist.

46
Q

xenophobia

impacts of migration on British culture

A

Hate of migrants from windrush, frequent riots in 40s-60s and clashes between groups ie “the teddy boys” and new arrivals

47
Q

What is the percentage of migrants in the UK?

A

16%

48
Q

Boston - polish migrants

A
  • many polish owned supermarkets
  • farming and food processing
49
Q
A

geography paper 2 (7 decks)

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