Reformation, cont'd

Question 1

How many sacraments did the Catholics believe in? The Protestants?

Answer 1

7, 2

Question 2

What were the Protestant sacraments?

Answer 2

Baptism, Eucharist

Question 3

What did the Protestants believe about the bible?

Answer 3

It must be individually read and interpreted.

Question 4

What did Catholics believe about Eucharist?

Answer 4

The priests performed a miracle and the wafer and wine actually became the body and blood of Jesus.

Question 5

What did Protestants believe about Eucharist?

Answer 5

The wafer and wine is merely symbolic of the body/blood of Jesus.

Question 6

Protestant beliefs on priests

Answer 6

Just as holy as regulars, may marry

Question 7

Protestant v. Catholics-monks + nuns.

Answer 7

Only Catholics.

Question 8

Language of Catholic church v. Protestant

Answer 8

Latin v. Vernacular

Question 9

relics/saints

Answer 9

Worshipped only in Catholic church

Question 10

What language was the Bible written in pre-Reformation?

Answer 10

Latin

Question 11

What language did ML translate the bible into?

Answer 11

German

Question 12

Vernacular

Answer 12

common lang of specific location

Question 13

Dogma

Answer 13

religious doctrines/ideas

Question 14

Sacrament

Answer 14

Religious ritual/ceremony

Question 15

Relic

Answer 15

object of religious signature

Question 16

Main Idea

Answer 16

John Calvin + other Reformation leaders began new Protestant churches. Catholic church also made reforms.

Question 17

Relevance

Answer 17

Many Protestant churches began during this time period, and many Catholic churches are the result of Catholic reform.

Question 18

Diet of Worms

Answer 18

1521 General assembly of the Holy Roman Empire held at the Heylshof Garden in Worms, then an Imperial Free City of the Empire

Question 19

Targets of ML criticism

Answer 19

Indulgences, authority of Pope, monasticism, and clerical celibacy

Question 20

Sola Scriptura

Answer 20

ML policy-Bible only

Question 21

What resulted from European superstitions?

Answer 21

Witch hunts

Question 22

What did the witch hunts result from?

Answer 22

The search for scapegoats and religious persecution spreading

Question 23

Why were women prime targets for witch hunts?

Answer 23

Underlying misogynistic beliefs of European men, women thought to be susceptible to temptation by devil

Question 24

W/ What did the most active era of witchraft trials in Europe coincide?

Answer 24

Cold weather

Question 25

When did the Salem Witch Trials take place?

Answer 25

1692

Question 26

Why was Rev Parris so miserable?

Answer 26

His daughter was sick

Question 27

The higher the misery quotient ___

Answer 27

The more likely you are to be seeing witches

Question 28

Modern connection between witchcraft and weather

Answer 28

Bad weather-->Bad economy-->depression-->search for scapegoats

Question 29

Who was Henry VIII first wife?

Answer 29

Catherine of Aragon

Question 30

Why was Henry excommunicated by the pope?

Answer 30

When the pope wouldn't annul Henry's marriage, Henry ditched Catholicism and made the Anglican church with himself as head

Question 31

What Protestant church did ML create

Answer 31

Lutheran

Question 32

What did Henry do to the monasteries?

Answer 32

Closed em and grabbed the wealth

Question 33

Who was more frequently accused of being witches? Why?

Answer 33

Social outcast women who lived on the fringe of society bc there was no one to vouch for them

Question 34

Who painted Henry's portrait?

Answer 34

Hans Holbein

Question 35

What specific belief within the Protestant church caused further divisions within that church?

Answer 35

By emphasizing Sola Scriptura, they opened the door to many different sets of beliefs, since people will interpret the Bible differently.

Question 36

What was the movement within the Catholic church for?

Answer 36

To reform itself

Question 37

Catholic reformation

Answer 37

A mild reformation of the Catholic Church @ the Council of Trent

Question 38

Catholic reformation

Answer 38

16. c movement in which Catholic church sought to reform in response to Protestant reformation

Question 39

Council of Trent

Answer 39

Meeting of Catholic church leaders between 1545 and 1563 that agreed on several doctrines and formed the index trying to counter reformation

Question 40

When was Henry VIII painted? What was so bad about that year?

Answer 40

Months following worst year of his reign. Early 1536-a`fter Henry still had no male heir and had had a bad accident and killed wife #2 and facing political disasters

Question 41

Rumspringa

Answer 41

The Rumspringa normally begins around the age of 14 to 16 and ends when a youth chooses baptism within the Amish church, or instead leaves the community after a year outside. The vast majority choose baptism and remain in the church.

Question 42

Rumspringa

Answer 42

The Rumspringa normally begins around the age of 14 to 16 and ends when a youth chooses baptism within the Amish church, or instead leaves the community after a year outside. The vast majority choose baptism and remain in the church.

Question 43

Anabaptists

Answer 43

Radical reformers of Protestant church

Question 44

Who presided over the Council of Trent?

Answer 44

Pope Paul III

Question 45

6 conclusions of Council of Trent

Answer 45

Church interpretation of bible was final and any Christian that substituted their own interpretation was a hereticThey need faith AND good works for salvationBible and Church valid authoritiesIndulgences valid, but corrupt selling of indulgences bannedCorruption among the clergy=stiff penaltiesNew schools would be established to create a better educated clergy to challenge Protestant teachings

Question 46

Index

Answer 46

Librorum Prohibitorum -Censorship and burning of books-Protestant, etc