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10th Grade History (non-final) > Napoleon > Flashcards

Napoleon Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the original economic goals of the FR?

A

equal taxation, lower inflation

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2
Q

What were the original govt and society goals of the FR?

A

Less govt corruption, equal govt opportunity

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3
Q

What were the original religion goals of the FR?

A

Less powerful Church, religious Tolerance

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4
Q

What were Napoleon’s actions: economy?

A

set up fairer tax code, national bank, stabilized currency

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5
Q

What were Napoleon’s actions: govt and society

A

appointed officials by merit and fired corrupt ones; govt run public schools; code of laws

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6
Q

What were Napoleon’s actions: religion

A

Recognized Catholicism as “faith of Frenchmen”, retained seized Church lands, signed concordat with pope

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7
Q

Main Idea

A

Military genius Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in France and made himself emperor, known as one of world’s greatest military geniuses

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8
Q

Relevance

A

In times of political turmoil, military dictators often seize control of nations (Haiti, 1991)

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9
Q

Reign of Terror

A

Pd in France where 40,000 people are killed from every social class. Many falsely accused, mass paranoia in France. 1793-94

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10
Q

Coup d’Etat-literal meaning

A

sudden seizure of power from govt

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11
Q

What happened in 1799 that opened a door for Napoleon?

A

French lost confidence in new govt

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12
Q

What did Napoleon institute in his 1799 Coup d’Etat

A

A Consulate of three people

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13
Q

Consul

A

official with job of protecting and promoting govt, citizens and interests

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14
Q

What were held @ every stage of N’s career?

A

Plebiscites, or polls (results prob faked)

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15
Q

What could someone be executed for preN?

A

being a royalist (loyal to king)

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16
Q

How did Madame Germaine de Stael describe Napoleon? Who was she?

A

“He was like an expert chess player, with the human race for an opponent, which he proposed to checkmate.” Celebrated writer and intellectual.

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17
Q

What did Napoleon prohibit of his troops?

A

Pillaging

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18
Q

What were Napoleon’s main goals?

A

Don’t let France revert to the days of Louis XVI, preserve many of changes that came with revolution

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19
Q

What did Napoleon change Liberty, Equality, Fraternity to?

A

Order, Security, Efficiency

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20
Q

What were the results of N: economy?

A

Equal taxation, stable economy

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21
Q

What were the results of N: govt and society?

A

honest, competent officials, equal opportunities in govt and public ed.

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22
Q

What were the results of N: religion?

A

Religious tolerance, govt control of church lands and recognition of church influences.

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23
Q

Napoleonic code

A

new law code of napoleon-embodied enlightenment principles, but lost rights for women

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24
Q

Pros of Napoleonic code

A

Gave country uniform set of laws, eliminated many injustices

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25
Q

cons of Napoleonic code

A

legitimized right of men to control women, liberty limited promoted order/authority over individual rights, freedom of speech and press restricted (established during FR)

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26
Q

Napoleonic code, women’s rights: husband dies and leaves children

A

secondary guardian appointed

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27
Q

Napoleonic code, women’s rights: marries foreigner

A

becomes same nation until his death

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28
Q

Napoleonic code, women’s rights: 20 yr old, wants to marry

A

requires consent of father

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29
Q

Napoleonic code, women’s rights: wants to work in a city for some of the year away from husband

A

not allowed

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30
Q

Napoleonic code, women’s rights: wants to sign a contract in her own name (she’s in business)

A

not allowed

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31
Q

Napoleon on women

A

“women ought to obey us. nature has made women our slaves!”

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32
Q

Greatest legacy of N

A

Napoleonic code

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33
Q

What did N do in 1804?

A

Crowned himself emperor (was supported by people)

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34
Q

What did N want after being crowned emperor?

A

control over Europe

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35
Q

Who blessed N’s coronation?

A

Pope Pius VII

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36
Q

What was the original painting by Jacque Louis David?

A

Napoleon crowning himself with crown over his head, pope watching

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37
Q

What did JLD subtly add to painting of Napoleon (2)

A
  1. Josephine in submissive position, but smiling2. Himself painted in
38
Q

What did N say about AtG?

A

pretending to be a God was politically smart

39
Q

How did one spectator describe N?

A

Caesar on Roman coin

40
Q

why did N bring the pope in?

A

sanctify occasion and give everything sacred air-God confirming changes of FR

41
Q

What did N think Josephine was doing?

A

using him for political gain, eventually got divorced

42
Q

What’s the difference between king and emperor?

A

none

43
Q

Where was N crowned?

A

Notre Dame cathedral

44
Q

How long did N dominate Europe?

A

1799-1815

45
Q

What did N demand of his army during his campaign to conquer Italy? What was his tone?

A

Demanded they refrain from pillaging (wanted to be seen as deliverers.) inspiring.

46
Q

Which battle is regarded as N’s greatest victory?

A

The battle at austerlitz

47
Q

What did N say about life?

A

“I grew up on the field of battle and a man such as I cares little for the lives of a million men.” Had no regard for the lives of his soldiers, suffered huge losses and just keeps going.

48
Q

Main of battle of austerlitz

A
  1. French fake retreat to lure Russian Austrians off Pratzen heights2. RA forces chase French 3. French take Pratzen heights4. RA attack Pratzen, repulsed 5. More French join and defeat RA
49
Q

What did N do after battle of A?

A

Praise troops

50
Q

Michel Ney

A

Officer of N’s

51
Q

by 1805 how successful had Napoleon been in his efforts to build an empire?

A

Controlled most of europe except Britain

52
Q

Main Idea-N’s empire collapses

A

napoleon’s conquests aroused nationalistic feelings across Europe and contributed to his downfall

53
Q

Relevance-downfall of N

A

the story of Napoleon’s downfall is a classic tragedy. Napoleon, the tragic hero, presses many tragic flaws, which ultimately lead to his demise. Indeed, there is so much to learn from such a person

54
Q

What trait of N led to his downfall

A

Hubris

55
Q

What were N’s three mistakes that led to his downfall

A

Continental system, peninsular war, invasion of russia

56
Q

Quotes about N pride

A

“I love power like a musician loves his music”-N“If I have any ambition it is so natural to me so intimately linked to my existence that it’s like the blood that circulates in my veins” -N“He was ambition in motion. As time went by, he only had confidence in himself. He considered himself invincible”

57
Q

Hubris

A

Deadly pride-thinking you’re invincible and can do anything

58
Q

Battle of tralfagar

A

battle in Spain, cape tralfagar, N combined w Spain loses to British

59
Q

Continental system

A

Frustrated Bc of tralfagar, N sets up a navy blockade against the British in Nov 1806 preventing trade between them and other European countries

60
Q

What was the intent of the continental system

A

Since they couldn’t control GB by war, they would destroy the commercial and industrial economy into submission. Called continental system Bc supposed to help continental Europe become more self sufficient. Continental E wouldn’t trade w Britain anymore.

61
Q

What was wrong with the continental system? Who violated it?

A

Blockade wasn’t good enough. Smugglers aided by GB govt worked, and some allies, including Portugal, wouldn’t participate. Blockade weakened GB trade but didn’t destroy it and they made their own stronger one (better navy)

62
Q

What led to the peninsular war

A

Portugal didn’t participate in the continental system and pissed N off, so he marched thru Spain to attack Portugal and crowned his brother over Spain on the way, pissing the Spanish off

63
Q

How did the Spanish attack in the Peninsular war?

A

Guerilla warfare, few against many sneaky small attacks, wearing enemy down over time

64
Q

What did GB do during the PW?

A

Sent troops to aid Spanish

65
Q

How many did N lose in the PW

A

300,000

66
Q

What nonbuzz word was becoming powerful against N?

A

Nationalism

67
Q

How does Goya portray the French and Spanish?

A

Spanish as heroic martyrs

68
Q

Blockade

A

Blocking ships from coming in and bringing goods with the navy

69
Q

Invasion of Russia

A

When alliance w N breaks down, N invades with 600,000 men. R retreats to Moscow w scorched earth policy. Eventually, N must retreat with starving troops in the freezing Russian winter when Russia burns their own capital so it can’t be occupied. He’s not humbled.

70
Q

Scorched earth policy

A

Burning land and killing animals as they go so enemy can’t live off of it (Enemy can get weak and be attacked w guerilla warfare)

71
Q

Why did N attack Russia?

A

Czar Alexander I resigned from continental system in 1812

72
Q

How many French soldiers survived the Russian invasion

A

100,000

73
Q

What is surprising about N army for Russian invasion

A

Includes very young soldiers. Most were 20-25, some younger, even 15.

74
Q

Conditions during Russian invasion

A

Heat and dehydration, exhaustion, diseases, mudThen famine, harsh Russian winter, frostbite, disease, march foot(25 miles a day wearing 60lb packs)

75
Q

N reaction to Russian defeat

A

Ego, “seems as though the emperor was waiting for some miracles to occur” didn’t process, refuses to concede defeat

76
Q

What happened upon return from R invasion?

A

MPs win battle of nations at Leipzig against N.

77
Q

What happened when Louis XVIII was recognized?

A

He accepted N code and land settlements, but wasn’t amazing and everyone became loyal to N again. N escaped isle of Elba and entered Paris in triumph in 1815 as Louis left

78
Q

What happened when N came back from Elba?

A

He had a hundred days of rule, then MPs came back and defeated him at battle of Waterloo and exiled him to st Helena

79
Q

Why did the French hate Louis xviii

A

Bourbon king

80
Q

MPs

A

GB, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, Austria

81
Q

What happened to N on St Helena? Age and time

A

5.5 years on st Helena then diedAge 51

82
Q

Quotes from N at St H

A

“If Christ had never been crucified, he never would’ve become God.”-N”Everything on earth is soon forgotten, except the opinion we leave on history. There is no immortality, but the memory that is left in the minds of men.”-N

83
Q

What was N coronation at Notre Dame reminiscent of

A

Extravagance=palace of Versailles

84
Q

Which recent prime minister of France wrote the Napoleonic evil

A

Lionel jospin

85
Q

What places in France named after N?

A

None after him

86
Q

How do we know N’s plebiscites were rigged?

A

Names and addresses were included so they had to vote pro N out of fear

87
Q

Paintings of N

A

Name and artist

88
Q

His exile on St Helena was a glorious martyrdom Bc:

A

He wrote a lot on the island, saying his suffering was for the greater good of his legacy

89
Q

what did N whisper as he died?

A

Whispered France, Army, chief of army, Josephine as he died

90
Q

What happened after the MP’s won the battle of leipzig?

A

Next year, N abdicated-MPs exile N to isle of Elba and recognize Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI as king of France.

10th Grade History (non-final) (7 decks)

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