Reformation Flashcards
Erasmus
wanted to rewrite the bible so everyone could read it.
Sir Thomas More
advisor to Henry VIII. killed after writing utopia
The Praise of Folly
written in1509 by Erasmus first printed in 1511.
Utopia
a perfect place (also a book written by Sir Thomas More)
William Shakespeare
His plays invented new words, invented English drama, plumbed human soul as no other writer has/had
Cervantes
Spanish writer, wrote in Spanish vernacular, wrote in a similarly humanistic style to Shakespeare and Rabelais, wrote Don Quioxte
Don Quixote
a novel about a deluded knight on a quest for love and honor
movable type
printing press
Johann Gutenberg
introduced the printing press
indulgences
little slips of paper that you had to pay for to be ‘free of sin’
Martin Luther
said salvation came through faith and that you had to read the bible. wrote 95 theses. excommunicated in 1521.
Pope Leo X
spent all of his money on lavish ordeals and had to sell indulgences. hated Martin Luther
95 theses
a collection of Martin Luther’s ideas on Christianity (1517)
recant
to take back
excommunication
exiled from the Catholic Church
Protestant
started with 95 theses. non-orthodox christianity. agree with martin luther
Holy Roman Emperor
a ruler
Peasants’ Revolt
when the peasants revolted against the church in 1524 (they must have smelled pretty… REVOLTING)
Peace of Augsburg
treaty between lutheran and catholicism (1555)
John Calvin
created the calvinist church, which was very strict and believed in predestination. people of geneva wanted him to be their ruler.
predestination
god knows who is a saint or a sinner
theocracy
started in Geneva (1541). god was the head of everything
Huguenots
members of the protestant church of france
Anabaptists
One a few “radical” Protestant sects, beleived that people must chose to be Christian and thus did not baptize babies, opposed by Catholics as well as other Protestants. (Mennonites, Amish etc)
Annul
to declare a marriage invalid
Henry VIII
had 6 wives: catherine of aragon (divorced), anne boleyn (executed), jane seymour (childbirth), anne of cleves (executed), catherine howard (executed), catherine parr. had 2 daughters (mary tudor and elizabeth I) and a sickly son (edward
Anglican Church
started by Henry VIII because he wanted to divorce his wife. in america- episcopalian
**Catholic Reformation
sometimes called the counter-reformation. people trying to go back to the way things were before the reformation. started with council of trent.
**Council of Trent
roman catholic church meeting. december, 1545
**Inquisition
group of institutions trying to fight heresy
**Ignatius Loyola
spanish knight who founded the jesuits in 1534 after being wounded and converted in battle
**Jesuits
the society of jesus.
**ghetto
a poor part of a city where a certain discriminated group lives
Why did the northern Renaissance take place nearly 100 years after the Italian Renaissance?
because rome itself was in italy, and ideas didn’t spread as quickly. there were also religious rulers standing in the way.
What issues did Erasmus raise in his writings?
he wrote about his view on christian life
What issues did Thomas More raise in his writings?
he contrasted problems of real life
What were three effects of the printing press in Europe?
1) ideas could be spread faster
2) books were more abundant and cheaper
3) more literacy
Why did the Church face widespread criticism?
because of the writings of others
How did Martin Luther challenge the Church?
martin luther said that popes and priests weren’t necessary and that indulgences were sins themselves
What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?
he created a new religion (see calvinism)
Why did England create a new Church?
because Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife
How did the Catholic church reform itself?
jesuits and other new religions
What were some of the results of the Reformation?
new religions, some reconversion, unity, literacy, bibles had different languages
