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PT: Nutrition Exam 1 > Reference Intakes & Dietary Guidelines > Flashcards

Reference Intakes & Dietary Guidelines Flashcards

1
Q

DRI

A

Dietary Reference Intakes

  • IOM/Health Canada
  • Fo healthy & free of specific diseases that may alter nutritional requirements
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2
Q

List the 4 DRI value categories

A

EAR (estimated average requirement
RDA (recommended dietary allowance)
AI (adequate intake)
UL) tolerable upper intake levels

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3
Q

EAR value

A

intake level that best represents the distribution of nutrient requirements among a population

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4
Q

RDA value

A

RDA is based on EAR

adjusted to meet the needs of majority of Americans (97%)

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5
Q

AI value

A

formulated value based on adequate US & canadian diets where there is insufficient scientific evidence to estimate an EAR

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6
Q

UL value

A

Helps avoid getting too much of a nutrient (toxicity)

- max safe level of intake

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7
Q

Who regulates nutrition labeling of food and supplement products?

A

FDA

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8
Q

Who regulates the dietary guidelines for Americans?

A

DHHS, USDA (US department of agriculture)

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9
Q

How often are the dietary guidelines for Americans reviewed, updated and published?

A

every 5 years

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10
Q

Goal of dietary guidelines for Americans

A

Make recommendations about the components of a healthy & nutritionally adequate diet to help promote health & prevent chronic diseases

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11
Q

What nutrition resource provides an evidence-based foundation for federal food & nutrition policy, like USDA food stamps, WIC & school meals?

A

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

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12
Q

Who does the Dietary Guidelines for Americans target?

A

policymakers, nutrition and health professionals

NOT general population

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13
Q

What is the focus of the 2015-2020 dietary guidelines?

A

healthy eating patters

  • allow flexibility in choosing a diet that meets their preferences and needs
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14
Q

What are the top 5 dietary guideline statements for 2015-2020?

A
  1. Follow healthy eating pattern across lifespan
  2. focus on variety, nutrient density & amount
  3. Limit calories from added sugars & saturated fats & reduce sodium intake
  4. Shift to healthier food & beverage choices
  5. Support healthy eating patterns for all
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15
Q

What percentage of the general population typically follows the Dietary guideline recommendations?

A

55-60% over past 10 years

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16
Q

What are the required nutrition labeling components regulated by the FDA?

A
  • identity
  • ingredients
  • manufacturer/distributor contact info
  • nutrition facts panel (except for small packages)
17
Q

What information should be listed on the nutrition facts label?

A
  • product specific information
  • serving size, calories, nutrient info
  • daily values
  • footnotes (large packages)
18
Q

What do the daily values represent on the nutrition facts label?

A

a single set of nutrient standards developed by the FDA to represent the needs of a “typical” consumer

19
Q

Are food products allowed to make health claims on the label?

A

YES for disease or health related conditions, if approved by the FDA

20
Q

“Calcium helps build strong bones” is an example of which of the following?

A. nutrient content claim
B. health claim
C. Structure/function claim
D. none of the above

A

C. Structure/function claim

claim between a nutrient/dietary ingredient & a structure or function in humans

21
Q

Which claims on a food product must use terms and definitions approved by the FDA?

A

Nutrient content claims “good source”, “source high in fiber”

22
Q

What are functional foods?

A

food that may provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition

23
Q

What are the phytochemicals?

A

complex substances in plants that may promote good health that are NOT essential for life

24
Q

Organic foods/natural foods follow standards set by which organization?

A

USDA national organic program

25
Q

Define dietary supplements

A

any product intended to supplement the diet

26
Q

Examples of dietary supplements

A
  • vitamins/minerals
  • herbs
  • AAs
  • others: enzymes, metabolites, extracts
27
Q

T/F claims on dietary supplements are regulated by the FDA

28
Q

How can a dietary supplement’s sale or use be restricted?

A

FDA must prove that it isn’t safe AFTER it is on the market

29
Q

What is a drug intended to do?

A

Diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat or prevent disease

30
Q

What is required on a dietary supplement label?

A

ingredient information

supplement facts panel

31
Q

Vitamin/mineral supplement what should you choose?

A

at lesast 20 vitamins and minerals each

no more than 150% of DV

32
Q

Megadoses of supplements

A
  • doses of a nutrient that are 10 or more times the recommended amount
  • turn nutrients into drugs with pharmacological activity
33
Q

What are the choose my plate recommendations?

A

1/2 plate fruits/veggies
1/2 grain portion as whole grains + lean meats
low fat or fat free milk

PT: Nutrition Exam 1 (12 decks)

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