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CSMLS > Ref Ranges, Formulas, Mnemonics > Flashcards

Ref Ranges, Formulas, Mnemonics Flashcards

1
Q

Formula for Absorbance

A

2 - log%T

NOTE: The relationship between absorbance and %T is LOGARITHMIC

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2
Q

Formula for Absorbance under Beer-lambert’s law

A

A = εbc

ε = molar absorptivity (L/ mol x cm)
b = light path (cm)
c = concentration of analyte (mol/L)

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3
Q

Units for Molar Absorptivity

A

L/(mol x cm)

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4
Q

Ref: Serum Osm

A

280 - 300 mmol/kg

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5
Q

Ref: Osmol Gap

A

<10 mmol/kg

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6
Q

Formula for Osmolal Gap

A

Osmolal gap (mOsm/kg) = Measured osmolality (mOsm/kg) - Calculated osmolality (mmol/L)

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7
Q

Formula for Calculated Osmolality

A

[2Na+] + [glucose] + [urea] = mmol/L

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8
Q

Ref: pH

A

7.35 - 7.45

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9
Q

Ref: pCO2

A

35 - 45 mm Hg

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10
Q

Ref: pO2

A

70 - 90 mm Hg

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11
Q

Ref: HCO3-

A

20 -27 mmol/L

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12
Q

Ref: Sodium

A

133 - 146 mmol/L

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13
Q

Sodium Crit

A

<125 OR >155 mmol/L

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14
Q

Ref: Potassium

A

3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L

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15
Q

Potassium Crit

A

<2.6 OR >6.2 mmol/L

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16
Q

Ref: Chloride

A

96 - 109 mmol/L

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17
Q

Ref: Calcium

A

2.10 - 2.60 mmol/L

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18
Q

Calcium Crit

A

<1.65 OR >3.25 mmol/L

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19
Q

Ref: Magnesium

A

0.70 - 1.00 mmol/L

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20
Q

Magnesium Crit

A

<0.40 OR >1.90 mmol/L

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21
Q

Ref: Phosphorus (phosphate)

A

0.80 - 1.45 mmol/L

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22
Q

Phosphorus Crit

A

<0.40 mmol/L

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23
Q

Ref: Anion Gap

A

4 - 16 mmol/L

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24
Q

Ref: Osmolality (serum)

A

280 - 300 mmol/kg

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25
Q

Ref: Osmolal gap

A

<10 mOsm/kg

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26
Q

Ref: Serum total protein

A

64 - 84 g/L

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27
Q

Ref: Serum albumin

A

30 - 45 g/L

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28
Q

Ref: 24 hr Urine Total Protein

A

<0.5 g/volume

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29
Q

Ref: CSF total protein

A

0.15 - 0.45 g/L

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30
Q

Concentration of dsDNA when A(260) = 1.000

A

50 µg/mL

31
Q

Concentration of ssDNA when A(260) = 1.000

A

33 µg/mL

32
Q

Concentration of ssRNA when A(260) = 1.000

A

40 µg/mL

33
Q

Which formula is used to calculate the reagent amounts required for endpoint PCR ?

A

C1V1 = C2V2

34
Q

How is Tm of PCR primers calculated ?

A

Tm = 4(G+C) + 2(A+T)

35
Q

What A(260/280) is considered “pure” for DNA ?

A

~1.8

36
Q

What A(260/280) ratio is considered “pure” for RNA ?

A

~2.0

37
Q

What A(260/230) ratio is considered “pure” for both DNA and RNA ?

A

Approximately 2.0 - 2.2

38
Q

Ref: ALP

A

Female: 30 -130
Male: 30 - 130

39
Q

Ref: LD

A

Female: 100 - 225
Male: 100 - 225

40
Q

Ref: ALT

A

Female: <40
Male: <60

ALT - alanine transaminase

41
Q

Ref: AST

A

Female: <35
Male: <45

AST - aspartate aminotransferase

42
Q

Ref: CK

A

Female: <200
Male: <250

CT - Creatine kinase

43
Q

Ref: GGT

A

Female: <80
Male: <80

GGT - gamma glutamyltransferase

44
Q

Ref: AMY

A

Female: 30 - 150
Male: 30 - 150

AMY - Amylase

45
Q

Ref: LIP

A

Female: 0 - 60
Male: 0 - 60

LIP - Lipase

46
Q

Ref: urine pH

A

4.5 - 8.0

47
Q

Ref: Urobilinogen

A

< 16 μmol/L

48
Q

Ref: SG

A

1.005 - 1.030

SG - Specific gravity

49
Q

Mnemonic: Colored urine = False Pos

A

“broke LPNs” have (+) colored urine

B - bilirubin
Uro - uro bilinogen
K - ketones

L - leukocytes
P - proteins
N - nitrite

50
Q

Mnemonic: Colored urine = False Pos

A

“broke LPNs” have (+) colored urine

B - bilirubin
Uro - uro bilinogen
K - ketones

L - leukocytes
P - proteins
N - nitrite

51
Q

Mnemonic: High SG = False Neg

A

“sweet, bloody nitrites!” I hate (-) it when my drink is too dense

Glucose, Blood, Nitrites

52
Q

Mnemonic: High [ascorbate] = False Neg

A

“luke glues bloody bills at night” when he drinks too much orange juice; it’s a bad (-) habit

Leuk - ocytes
Glu - cose
Blood - y
Bil - irubin
Nit - rites

53
Q

Ref: Iron

A

8-35 μmol/L

54
Q

Ref: TIBC

A

40-75 μmol/L

55
Q

Ref: Saturation Index

A

Female: 0.12 - 0.60

Male: 0.10 - 0.55

56
Q

Ref: Ferritin

A

Female: 20 - 300 μg/L

Male: 30 - 500 μg/L

57
Q

Ref: Transferrin

A

1.8 - 4.5 g/L

58
Q

Ref: Total bilirubin

A

<20 μmol/L

59
Q

Ref: Conjugated (direct) bilirubin

A

<7 μmol/L

60
Q

Ref: eGFR

A

> 60 mL/ min/ 1.73 m2

61
Q

Ref: Creatinine Clearance

A

1.30 - 2.30 mL/ sec/ 1.73 m2

62
Q

Ref: ACR (albumin: creatinine ratio)

A

<3 mg/mmol

63
Q

Ref: Ammonia (plasma)

A

<35 μmol/L

64
Q

Critical: Ammonia (plasma)

A

> 199 μmol/L

65
Q

Ref: Creatinine

A

Female: 40-100 μmol/L

Male: 50-120 μmol/L

66
Q

Ref: Urea

A

2.5 - 8.0 mmol/L

67
Q

Ref: Uric Acid (urate)

A

Female: 150 - 400 mol/L

Male: 200 - 500 mol/L

68
Q

Crit: PLT

A

inpatient: <10 x10^9/L
outpatient: <20 x10^9/L

69
Q

Crit: PTT

A

> 120 sec

70
Q

Ref: D-dimer

A
71
Q

Ref: Glucose

A
72
Q

Ref: Hct

A

Hct <0.55

73
Q

Ref: Hct

A

Hct <0.55

74
Q

Ref: Hgb

A

CSMLS (39 decks)

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