Recourse Consumption and Security Flashcards

1
Q

What is Biocapacity

A

Land and water to supply resources for humanity

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2
Q

What is ecological footprint

A

The amount of land required by a group/person to full fill all their resources and assimilate their waste.

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3
Q

What is energy security?

A

Having access to clean,reliable and affordable energy for cooking, heating, lighting etc.

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4
Q

What is water security?

A

Having access to clean and safe drinking water and sanitation

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5
Q

What is food security?

A

Having access to safe and nutritious food, meatiness the dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

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6
Q

What is nexus

A

The interactions/connections between food, water and energy

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7
Q

What is virtual/ embedded water

A

Transferring water from one country to anotehr via exports

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8
Q

What is the issue with a growin population and population of rich people?

A

An increase in consumption of recourses

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9
Q

What does eating meat do to an ecological footprint?

A

Increase it, different from only relying on vegetables

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10
Q

How can the ecological footprint be reduced?

A
  • vegetarian diets
  • recycling/ reusing resources
  • reducing amount of pollution
  • transporting waste to other countries’
  • reducing amounts of recources
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11
Q

How is the ecological footprint increased?

A
  • meat diets
  • large consumption per household
  • Relying on fossil fuels
  • high levels of imported products
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12
Q

Why do HIC’s have a greater ecological footprint than LIC’s?

A
  • Greater infrastructure
  • can afford more food
  • eat more meat
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13
Q

How is water distributed around the world?

A

unevenly

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14
Q

What is teh relationship between water availability and consumption

A

Increased consumption means an increase in water scarcity. There are no major differences of how water is used in HICs and LIC’s

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15
Q

All of what factors increase pressure on water?

A
  • tourism (water parks eg)
  • urbanisation (invest in sanitation for water)
  • growing middle class (showers, gardening)
  • climate change(droughts, floods)
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16
Q

How to increase crop yield

A
  • using genetically modified dna from other organisms
  • irrigation
  • more land for crops
17
Q

How does urbanisation strain food consumption?

A

Strain on meat due to fast food

18
Q

Which type of countries need more energy?

A

NIC’s as they are currently industrialising

19
Q

Difference between renewable and non- renewable energy

A

Renewable energy doesnt reduce any natural capital while non-renewable does.

Renewable (hydroelectric, wind, solar)
Non-renewable (fossil fuels

20
Q

Why is mostly non-renewable energy used?

A

It is cheaper, no need for refining, technology is already developed.

21
Q

Advantages of nuclear power

A
  • doesnt emit CO2, doesnt contribute to global warming
  • technology is developed and available
  • creates large amounts of energy in small plant
  • very efficient compared to fossil fuels
22
Q

Disadvantages of nuclear power

A
  • creates radioactive waste, harmful
  • dangerous, never 100% sure of irs reliability
  • the more nuclear powers, the higher risk of failure: explosion
  • targets for terrorists
  • energy source is uranium which is scarce
  • takes 20-30 years to build
    Chernobyl eg.
23
Q

Disadvantages for renewable energy

A

Location site is minimised/ availability minimal
- not visually appealing

24
Q

Advantages of renewable energy

A
  • they will NOT run out
  • do not contribute to climate change/ acid rain
25
WHat is Hydroelectiv power
Turbines switched on and off in dams, producing energy
26
Advantages and disadvantages for HEP
A: - cheap to run - fit by dams - can be turned on and off DA: - cause flooding downstream -Accelerate river velocity - cause increased erosion in river - dams restrict transport of sediments
27
What is biofuel energy
Burning of biomass-> ethanol-> fuel
28
How do wind turbines work?
They are driven by occurring winds (turbines) Rotational energy is put into a generator -> electricity IF there is no wind, no energy is produced
29
Why is recycling important?
Saves scarce materials, reduces pollution
30
What is the issue with E-waste
It gets illegally shipped to developing countries
31
Explain how E- waste effects the area it is shipped to
Once in a landfill, assimilated Ewaste containing toxic substances such as lead and emrcury seep into the environment (land, water etc) and contaminate them. The workers suffer from illnesses and infection- short life expectancy.
32
Why is an increase in E-waste occurring ?
There is so much innovation and improvement of technology
33
What is overpopulation
When the population exceeds the amount of recources available
34
What is underpopulation?
The the amount of recources aren’t able to be used up by the population
35
Formula for standard of living
(Natural resources x technology) / population
36
What is recources stewardship
A concept suggesting that we can use recources in a way to be available for future generations aswell SOCIAL EQUITY over the recources
37
What is a circular economy?
- preserving natural capital by balancing recources flows - optimize resource yields by circulating products (recycling) - eliminating pollution and climate change
38