Recording Technology Flashcards

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1
Q

What were music productions in 1950?

A

Direct to tape mono recordings.

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2
Q

How did artists record music? (1950)

A

Complete performances in one take.

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3
Q

How was production and mixing done in the 1950s? Why was it limited? /3

A

Very little post production, sub mixing done live. Anything edited had to be applied to the whole take.

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4
Q

What machines were used in the 1950s? What was their output? How was a band normally separated? /3

A

Stereo tape machines, that made mono productions. The vocal would be recorded on one track and the rest of the band on another.

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5
Q

What possible basic editing was available in the 1950s? /2

A

Splicing of Tape; physically cutting the tape if there was an appropriate gap or section.

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6
Q

Where were recordings captured in the 1950s? With what kind of gear? /3

A

Live rooms, with small amount of microphones connected to a small mixing desk.

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7
Q

How were large ensembles captured in the 1950s?

A

Ambiant sound

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8
Q

How were recordings from 1964?

A

Early multitrack recording (1964- 1969)

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9
Q

How many tracks were recorded in 1964?

A

4 tracks

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10
Q

What re-recording technique could be used to record a single section of a track?

A

Dropping in / Dropping out.

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11
Q

How were drums recorded in 1964?

A

Several microphones for one channel

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12
Q

What is reduction mixing?

A

Recording music onto several tracks, mix them and record them to an empty on another tape machine.

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13
Q

Give one advantage and two disadvantages of reduction mixing?

A

+ infinite amount of tracks
- noise increased at every bounce
Analogue tapes if not synchronised had different speeds therefore affected the pitch of recording.

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14
Q

How many tracks could be simultaneously recorded by the end of the 1960s?

A

8 track and 16 track.

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15
Q

What recording method was available by 1968?

A

Large scale analogue multitrack. (1968-1995)

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16
Q

How many tracks could be recorded on large scale analogue multitracks?

A

16 and 24 tracks.

17
Q

How did tape change in 1968?

A

It became 2inch.

18
Q

How did recording studios have to change to adapt to large scale multitrack recordings? Give an example of a brand.

A

Large format mixing desks with built in dynamic processors, such as SSL and Neve.

19
Q

What practice became the norm in large scale multitrack recording?

A

Overdubbing

20
Q

How did songs change process in large scale multitrack recordings?

A

Arrangements could evolve during the production phase.

21
Q

What did bigger tapes improve? /2

A

Synchronisation, sound quality.

22
Q

How did recordings change in 1980?

A

Digital recording and sequencing. (1980 - present day)

23
Q

How were recording formats digitalised in 1980?

A

Digital tapes. Machines had Analogue to Digital Converters (ADC)

24
Q

What was the digital format?

A

Binary code.

25
Q

How was digital recording miniaturised?

A

Hard disk audio recorders.

26
Q

What is Moore’s Law?

A

Technology will half in size, price or become twice as powerful every two years.

27
Q

How did early sequencers work?

A

Voltage controlled data that sends analogue information between synthesisers or drum machines.

28
Q

How and when was MIDI invented?

A

1983 by Dave Smith of Sequential Circuits.

29
Q

What is MIDI?

A

A language that sends pre-decided note combination data, sounds, or information about note length and velocity.

30
Q

How were DAWs created?

A

Combination of digital audio recording and emerging technologies.

31
Q

What recording format was available by 1996?

A

Digital audio workstations