Recorded Revision Notes

Question 1

What are biological catalysts ?

Answer 1

Enzymes eg Salt

give a specific reaction PH7 at 37 D

Question 2

What are co factors or co enzymes?

Answer 2

Co factors can be inorganic (metal zinc) or organic molecules (vitamins)

They are involved in catalysts enzymes need them for catalyst reactions

Co factors or co enzymes can be reversible or irreversible COVALANT BONDING in strong ones

Question 3

Explain lock and Key ??

Answer 3

Active site is the same perfect fit to the sub-straight, no change in enzyme during binding site

Question 4

Explain induced fit?

Answer 4

Active site changes for a better fit when released it returns to original shape

Question 5

What direction dose the Alpha Glucose point?

Answer 5

Alpha glucose OH is pointing down

Question 6

What direction dose beta glucose point?

Answer 6

Beta glucose OH is pointing upwards

Question 7

2 Glucose binding form??

Answer 7

Maltose

Question 8

Two Alpha D glucose form?

Answer 8

Form a Dyesacoryde some are reducing sugars some are not

Question 9

Almost every reaction is a condensation reaction giving off water to form what bond?

Answer 9

Glycosidic bond condensation reaction builds molecules

Hydrolysis reaction breaks them apart

Question 10

5 carbons on the left is a?

Answer 10

Pentose

Question 11

6 Carbon on the Right is a ?

Answer 11

Hexose

Fructose is a Hexo sugar

Question 12

If an anomeric carbons OH is on the left it is classed as?

Answer 12

L

Question 13

If an anomeric carbons OH is on the Right it is classed as ?

Answer 13

D

Question 14

An Aldo’s open chain forms?

Answer 14

An Aldehyde

Question 15

Where is oxygen on a Ketose?

Answer 15

In the middle of the chain

Question 16

Lactose and glucose are monosaccharides and are reducing sugars with an anomeric carbon that can open to form ??

Answer 16

Forms an aldyhiyde

Question 17

What is sacros?

Answer 17

Sacros in a non reducing anomeric carbon after oxygen is involved in the blood

Question 18

Explain zwitterion’s ?

Answer 18

They are + or - form half way between PKa of the acid and amine

Amino acid has no charge 1+ and 1- can act as a buffer giving up sodium ions or taking sodium ions, won’t dissolve

Question 19

What dose Alanine have?

Answer 19

Has a chiral centre and a Methyle R group

Question 20

What dose Glycine have ?

Answer 20

No chiral centre

Question 21

What dose proline do?

Answer 21

Can loop back on its self can form beta pelted sheets

Question 22

What dose Cystine form?

Answer 22

Form disulphide bridges with covalent bonds but they join on R-groups

Question 23

What is the Alpha helix held by?

Answer 23

Held by hydrogen bonds all R groups stick out can interact with other R-groups and molecules

3.6 turn , 3 molecules 2 atoms per turn