Recongise Plants, Topic 2, Plant types Flashcards
Name the order in geologic time of the appearance of vascular plants
Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms–subclass dicotyledonae Angiosperms–sublass monocotyledonae
Describe Fern reproduction
They produce sexual reproductive cells that require water in order for the male cells to move to the female cells. So most ferns are found in moist environments. They produce spores inside a body called a sporangia. These are usually located on the underside of the leaf.
List three common Australian ferns
Dickonsonia Antartica (Tree fern) Asplenium astralasicum (Birds nest fern) Adiantum aethiopicum (Maidenhair Fern)
What kind of fern is this?
Birds Nest, Asplenium Australasicum
What kind of fern is this?
Soft Bracken, Calochlaena dubia
List characteristics of Gymnosperms, also called Dinosaur plants,
- Translates to “naked seeds”
- seeds do not have protective housing and simply sit within seeding structure (e.g.: pine cone)
- They do not have flowers or fruits.
List classes of Gymnosperms
- Cycads
- Conifers
- Gingko biloba
Monoecious
Having separate male and female reproductive structures which can be on the same plant.
List the differences between Dicots and Monocots.
Daisies are of the Family:
Asteraceae
Is this a dicot or monocot?
What is it’s name?
Dicot, Eriostemon australasius (pink wax flower)
Identify the following:
What is grass fruit called?
caryopsis or grain
Bromeliads are monocots or dicots?
monocots.
Identify
Nerium oleander. Dicot
Identify
Clivia miniata (monocot)
Plant form: Tree (flowering)
Define Forb
Define Graminoid
Define Sedge and Rush
Define:
Lomandra multiflora. A monocot. It appears grass-like but has different flowers and fruits to that of a grass. It is a sedge or graminoid.
What kind of tree form is this:
Broad dome”. This describes plants, particularly large trees, which have a very broad or wide drip line with a large, high canopy. eg Ficus macrophylla (Moreton Bay fig.)
What kind of tree form is this:
Narrow dome: these trees have a narrow spread (in width) between opposite sides of their drip lines, but have a rather high
canopy, eg Syncarpia glomulifera
(turpentine tree), Stenocarpus sinuatus
(firewheel tree).
What kind of tree form is this:
Fastigiate: this tree has a medium sized diameter drip line at the base of its foliage. It also has a high or long canopy which finishes at a pointed apex; it could be described as having an arrowhead shape, eg Cupressus sempervirens ‘Swanes Golden’
(Swanes golden cypress), Salix chilensis
‘Fatigiata’ (pencil willow)
What kind of tree form is this:
Columnar: this describes a tree or shrub that has a very narrow drip line width. It has a high canopy that is the same width as the base.
Eg populus nigra. Poplar
What kind of tree form is this:
Conical (or pyramidal): these plants have a canopy that is shaped like a cone. They have a wide drip line at the base with the head coming to a point at the apex, eg Cedrus
deodara, (Deodar cedar).
What kind of tree form is this?
What kind of tree form is this:
Vase: this term describes shrubs or trees which have many stems that form a very wide or broad top, similar to the shape of a vase in which flowers are exhibited eg Prunus companulata (Taiwan cherry).
What kind of tree form is this:
Bun: many conifers and shrubs would fall into this shape, the shrub being usually thickly covered in foliage from the base to the tip, with the outline of the plant forming a semi-oval or bun-like appearance, eg Coprosma repens (New Zealand wax plant), Coleonema pulchrum (Diosma).
What kind of tree form is this:
Upright, cane-like: bamboo is a plant which has an upright cane-like growth. Many
ornamental plants have this appearance, eg Nandina domestica (Japanese bamboo).
What kind of tree form is this:
Horizontal: these are plants that have a very low growth habit with stems growing along the ground, eg Cotoneaster horizontalis.
What kind of tree form is this:
Prostrate: these are plants with a very low growth habit with stems that are not as rigid as the horizontal type. The stems then to be pendulous in their growth habit, eg Grevillea ‘Poorinda Royal Mantle’.
Describe
Rush
