RECOGNIZING A NORMAL NEWBORN

Question 1

CATEGORIES OF PRETERM BIRTH

Overall PT :
- Moderately PT:
- Very PT :

Answer 1

• Overall PT : <37 wks gestation
• Moderately PT: between 32 and 36 weeks
• Very PT : <32 weeks gesatation

Question 2

• method of systematically assessing NB after birth
• Assessed at 1 and 5 minute of life infants immediately
• If the 5 min score is <7, additional scores should be
  assigned every 5 min up to 20 min

Answer 2

APGAR SCORE

Question 3

• between 34-36 6/7 wk
• 37 0/7 wks - 38 6/7 wks
• 39 0/7 wks — 40 6/7 wks
• 41 0/7wks - 41 6/7 wks
• 42 0/7 wks and beyonce

Answer 3

Late preterm: between 34-36 6/7 wk
Early Term: 37 0/7 wks - 38 6/7 wks
Full Term: 39 0/7 wks — 40 6/7 wks
Later Term: 41 0/7wks - 41 6/7 wks
Post Term : 42 0/7 wks and beyonce

Question 4

• To obtain a more accurate idea of the GA
• Most accurate if performed within the 1st 12 hrs of life
• Infant’s true GA can he estimated with an accuracy of about 2 wks
• If scored age 18 W/T 2 wks of the GA suggested by the mother’s dates, then accept her dates as correct

Answer 4

Ballard Score

Question 5

• Scalp pressure from the uterus
• Circular boggy areca of edema w ith indistinct borders

Answer 5

Caput succedaneum

Question 6

Well-circumscribed fluid-filled mass; does not cross the midline

Answer 6

Cephalhematoma

Question 7

• Not restricted by the houndaries of the sutures
• Larger and more diffuse
• Result in hypovolemuc shock

Answer 7

Subgaleal hemorrhage

Question 8

genetic d/0, congenital intxn, drug exposure

Answer 8

Microcephaly

Question 9

Hyrocephalus, storage dse, achondroplasia, cerebral gigantism, neurocutaneous syndrome, IEM

Answer 9

Megalencephaly

Question 10

premature fusion of sutures

Answer 10

Craniosynostosis

Question 11

• Large anterior fontanel: achondroplasia, Apert syndrome, hypothyroidism, cleidocranial dysostosis, congenital rubella syndrome, Halierman-Streiff syndrome, hydrocephaly, hyphophosphatasia, IUGR, Kenny syncrome, OI, PT, Trisomies, Vit. D def rickets
• Small fontanels: microcephaly craniosynostosis, CH of wormian bones
• Presence of third fontancl suggest T21, but seen in preterm infants

Answer 11

Fontales: anterior fontanel

Question 12

• Atrophic or alopecic scalp
  Sporadic or alopecic autosomal dominant
• Asstd with T13, chromosome 4 deletion, or Johanson- Blizzard syndrome

Answer 12

Aplasia cutis congenita

Question 13

• In utero positioning
• Asstd with torticollis and vertex positioning

Answer 13

Deformational plagiocephaly

Question 14

• Symmetric acial palsy
• Absent/hypoplasia of 7th nerve nucleus

Answer 14

Mobius syndrome

Question 15

Cornea >1cm in dia with photophobia and tearing or clouding

Answer 15

Glaucoma

Question 16

• White pupillary reflex
• Cataract, tumor, chornoretinitts ROP

Answer 16

Leukocoria

Question 17

• Abduction of the thighs with external rotation
• If the femoral head can be felt to slip forward into the acetabulum on pressure from behind, it is dislocated (positive) .
• Sometimes an audible “chunk” can be heard.

Answer 17

Ortolani test

Question 18

• Pressure from the front
• lf the femoral head is felt to slip out over the posterior lip of the acetabulum and immediately slips back in place when pressure 1s released, there is dislocation or “unstable”

Answer 18

Barlow sign

Question 19

4 mechanisms of heat loss

Answer 19

• Convection of heat energy the cooler surrounding air
• Conduction of heat to the colder materials touching the infant
• Heat radiation from the infant to other nearby cooler objects
• Evaporation from skin and lungs