RATIONALE

Question 1

Breastfeeding jaundice occurs in the first few days of a newborn’s life. It often takes a few days to establish an adequate supply of breastmilk, thus, breastfed infants may receive a lesser amount of calories during this period. The most likely impact of decrease caloric intake in these affected infants is increased in____.

Answer 1

Enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin

Question 2

A 10 month-old infant born at 39 weeks’ gestation had recurrent infections over the past several months. The pediatrician identifies a specific immunodeficiency in this infant. W/c of the ff. immunoglobulins crosses the placenta?

Answer 2

IgG

Question 3

A 2-week-old newborn is admitted at the ER due to fever. Blood, urine and CSF culture were taken. A catherterization urine culture is growing 50,000 cfu/ml bacteria. What is the most likely organism growing in this infant’s urine culture?

Answer 3

E. coli

Question 4

A neonate with worsening erythema in the umbilicus for 2 days came in for consult. The mother kept the area clean and dry. However, the newborn appears less active and has temperature instability. There was a purulent discharge from the umbilical cord and skin erythema surrounding the cord. What is the dx of this infant?

Answer 4

Omphalitis

Question 5

Baby boy C was born 35 weeks by amenorrhea to a severly pre-eclampic mother. His borthweight is 1500grams. He was placed on NPO for 24 hrs due to polycythemia. On the 2nd day of life, he presented with jaundice up to the lower extremities. What risk factors for severe hyperbilirubinemia are present in Baby C?

Answer 5

Small for gestational age

Question 6

Shiela, a newborn baby is treated with neonatal pneumonia because of tachypnea and chest retractions but adequate oxygenation. What is the appropriate management for Shiela’s condition?

Answer 6

IV ampicilin and gentamycin

Question 7

Josie, a 3-day old infant with diagnosis meconium aspiration syndrome. How do yo describe the chest radiography in this condition?

Answer 7

Coarse streaking of both lung fields

Question 8

An intern on duty assisted the pediatric resident in receiving a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery. The mother had no maternal illness or maternal comorbidities. The newborn infant had good cry but noted tachypnea and subcostal retractions shortly after birth. The ballard’s score of the infant was 32 wks AOG. Based on the data provided, what would be the most likely cause for the patient’s respiratory distress?

Answer 8

RDS ( respiratory distress syndrome)

Question 9

Some inborn erros of mechanism are associated with peculiar odors. A burnt sugar odor of a patient’s bodily secretions would mean the patient has____.

Answer 9

Maple syrup urine disorder (MSUD)

Question 10

A baby was brought to the ER for jaundice. The mother claimed that the infant had a positive newborn screening results. However, she forgot the result. On PE, the infant was noted to have hepatomegaly, vomiting, hypoglycemia, irritable with noted poor weight gain and cataracts on both eyes. The ER doctor proceeded to work-up the infant for sepsis. His blood culture came out positive for Escherichia coli. What type of inborn errors of metabolism does the baby have?

Answer 10

Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency

Question 11

A 3-day infant with macrosomia and w/ difficulty of extracting the infant via normal vaginal delivery was examined with adducted left arm and internally rotated with pronation of the forearm. Moro reflex was absent on the left arm. On palpation, there was a note of crepitus at the clavicular area. What type of injury does the patient have?

Answer 11

Erb-Duchenne paralysis

Question 12

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is secondary to:

Answer 12

Decreased production and secretion of surfactant

Question 13

A Filipino newborn baby boy 38 wks neonatal age delivered via CS from uncontrolled DM mother. He weighs 4000g. Length of 52cm, and head circumference of 40 has ____. (Plot the anthropometric measurement to the chart.)

Answer 13

Large for gestation age

Question 14

A normal newborn baby was born to a low-risk mother, what will be the pbest procedure to perform immediately by the physicians and other health worker in the room?

Answer 14

Put the baby on the mother’s chest and immediately dry the baby

Question 15

A senior medical clerk attended a delivery of a full-term neonate via cesarean section due to cephalo-pelvic disproportion. After stimulating and thoroughly drying the baby what would be the next step following the EINC guidelines during a delivery via cesarean section?

Answer 15

Properly timed cord clamping

Question 16

When a patient has anorexia, lethargy, and a systolic murmur, most likely the hemoglobin level has fallen bellow ___.

Answer 16

5 g/dL

Question 17

Louie has Iron Deficiency anemia presented with irritability and poor appetite. His pediatrician prescribed with oral iron supplement. When do you expect clinical improvement of his clinical condition?

Answer 17

12-24 hrs

Question 18

Noe delivered prematurely from a hypertensive mother. Upon delivery she was noted to cry vigorously, with active movement of extremities and cyanotic sols. Her HR ranges from 150-160/min. What will be the APGAR Score at 1 min?

Answer 18

9

Question 19

A 3-day old infant was transferred and room-in with the mother from NICU after observation for transient tachypnea of the newborn. Her condition improved and noe for room in with the mother. The pediatrician now orders direct breastfeeding as shown bellow, how will you assess the attachment?

Answer 19

Poor attachement

Question 20

A 5-day old newborn infant followed up at the OPD and you noted this hyperemia on the conjunctivae of the infant (figure below), how to adivse the patient?

Answer 20

No treatment