Recap on the Coriolis effect + climate + droughts Flashcards
Where does air from the equator move to? Why?
Hot air moves around the globe to the polar regions due to convection.
Where does air from the poles move to? Why?
Cold air moves back to the equator from the high pressure polar areas as cold air sinks. Dense air.
How do ocean currents move water around the globe?
Ocean currents, formed by surface winds generated by global circulation, transfer approximately 20% of total heat, from the tropics to the poles, known as the phrase ‘conveyor belts’.
The ocean current that moves warm water to the southwest of the UK is called the..
Gaulf stream
What is a jet stream?
A fast moving current of air in the upper atmosphere (tropopause)
What are the two jet streams called? Which lines of latitude are they located?
Subtropical jet streams - divide the ferrel and Hadley cell at 30°N/S
Polar jet-streams- divide the ferrel and polar cell at 60°N/S
What’s the difference between a glacial and interglacial period?
Glacial - lower average temperatures causing widespread glaciation
Interglacial - period of time between glaciations with higher average temperatures.
What time period are we currently in?
Quaternary
Which line of latitude is the UK located on?
60°N
On a graph, what are troughs / peaks in temperature?
Troughs - low in temperature (ice age)
Peaks - high in temperature (interglacial ages)
State 4 natural causes of climate change
Changes in altitude, seasonal imbalance, natural events like volcanic eruptions, melting glaciers.
State 4 human causes of climate change.
Déforestation, carbon emissions, overfishing and pollution, disruptions in food chains i.e. destroying plants/ shrub layers or killing animals.
State the four pieces of evidence to determine changes in climate.
Pollen records, historical records, ice cores and tree rings.
State the 4 greenhouse gases.
Méthane, carbon dioxide, CFC’s and nitrous oxides.
State 3 tropical cyclone ingredients
Warm trade winds, depth in water 70m or above, above 26°C in water for several days.
