Recalls 5 - NP1 Flashcards
Situation: Juliana, a registered nurse in the Philippines with 10 years of experience, has been promoted to a supervisory role in a large hospital. To excel in her new position, she reviews Republic Act 9173, the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, focusing on qualifications, prohibitions, penalties, and procedures in nursing.
- According to Republic Act 9173, after how many years can the Board re-issue a revoked certificate of registration/professional license, provided that the cause for revocation has been resolved?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 4 years
D. 4 years
- According to Republic Act 9173, what penalty may be imposed upon individuals found guilty of violating prohibitions in the practice of nursing?
A. Fine of not less than P20,000.00 and imprisonment of not less than 6 months
B. Fine of not less than P50,000.00 and imprisonment of not less than 1 year
C. Fine of not less than P100,000.00 and imprisonment of not less than 2 years
D. Fine of not less than P200,000.00 and imprisonment of not less than 3 years
B. Fine of not less than P50,000.00 and imprisonment of not less than 1 year
- According to Republic Act 9173, what is the passing grade for the licensure examination for nurses in the Philippines?
A. 70%
B. 75%
C. 80%
D. 85%
B. 75%
- What is the minimum required number of units in management and administration courses at the graduate level for a nurse to qualify for a supervisory position as per RA 9173?
A. 6 units
B. 9 units
C. 12 units
D. 15 units
B. 9 units
- According to RA 9173, what is the minimum number of years of experience required in general nursing service administration for a nurse to qualify for a supervisory or managerial position?
A. 1 year
B. 2 years
C. 3 years
D. 4 years
B. 2 years
- During his assessment, Nurse Kang Tae-moo notes a sudden increase in the number of dengue cases in Barangay Malinis. This type of disease occurrence is best described as:
A. Endemic
B. Epidemic
C. Sporadic
D. Pandemic
B. Epidemic
- Nurse Kang Tae-moo also identifies that dengue cases peak during the rainy season. This type of pattern of occurrence over time is known as:
A. Point source
B. Continuous source
C. Seasonal trend
D. Cyclical trend
C. Seasonal trend
- With regards to the steps in outbreak investigation, which should be followed after preparing for field work?
A. Establish the existence of an outbreak
B. Define and Identify cases
C. Verify Diagnosis
D. Developing Hypotheses
A. Establish the existence of an outbreak
- Which of the following correctly defines the term “sporadic” as it relates to the occurrence of rabies?
A. A simultaneous occurrence of epidemic of the same disease in several countries.
B. An intermittent occurrence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality.
C. An intermittent occurence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality.
D. A continuous occurrence throughout a period of time of the usual number of cases in a given locality.
B. An intermittent occurrence of a few isolated and unrelated cases in a given locality.
- What is the role of an epidemiology nurse during an outbreak? Select all that apply.
- Monitor local health personnel conducting disease surveillance
- Implement public health surveillance
- Assist in the conduct of training course in epidemiology
- Responsible for inventory and maintenance of epidemiology and surveillance unit (ESU) equipment
A. 1, 3, 4
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 2, 3
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Situation: Fatmah is a community health nurse working in a rural health unit. She is responsible for implementing various health programs and educating the community on how to prevent health problems. During her daily activities, she encounters different situations that require applying the levels of prevention.
- Which of the following activities is an example of primary prevention in Nurse Fatmah’s work?
A. Rehabilitation for stroke patients
B. Blood pressure screenings
C. Immunization programs
D. Physical therapy sessions
C. Immunization programs
- Nurse Fatmah is informed that a child in the community has been diagnosed with measles. To prevent the spread of the infection to other children, Nurse Fatmah arranges for the child to be isolated at home until they are no longer contagious. Isolation of a child with measles belongs to what level of prevention?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Intermediate
D. Tertiary
A. Primary
- At a local health clinic, Fatmah provides screening services for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to sexually active adults. Which activity is an example of secondary prevention?
A. Providing dietary counseling to all community members
B. Conducting annual mammograms
C. Teaching stress management techniques
D. Screening services for STIs
D. Screening services for STIs
- In a rural community, Fatmah, together with her colleagues, conducts Operation Timbang, a program aimed at assessing the nutritional status of children under five years old through regular weighing and monitoring. Operation Timbang is _____ prevention.
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Intermediate
D. Tertiary
B. Secondary
- Nurse Fatmah is providing care for a patient who has recently undergone surgery for advanced-stage lung cancer. She is focused on pain management, symptom control, and improving the patient’s quality of life. Tertiary prevention is needed at which stage of the natural history of disease?
A. Prodromal
B. Pre-pathogenesis
C. Terminal
D. Pathogenesis
C. Terminal
- Lalane, a public health nurse, organizes a support group for residents diagnosed with chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension to promote self-management and enhance their quality of life. What constitutes tertiary prevention in Lalane’s community health initiatives?
A. Health education on lifestyle changes
B. Routine screenings for chronic diseases
C. Support groups for chronic illness patients
D. Immunization drives for children
C. Support groups for chronic illness patients
- In a rural community, Nurse Lalane conducts a community workshop on promoting heart health to residents of all ages. Which of the following represents a primary prevention strategy aimed at reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases?
A. Angioplasty
B. Blood pressure monitoring
C. Health education on diet and exercise
D. Cardiac rehabilitation
C. Health education on diet and exercise
- At a community health fair, Nurse Lalane offers diabetes screenings to residents to identify those at risk of developing the disease. This activity is an example of:
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
- Nurse Lalane provides a rehabilitation program for stroke survivors to help them regain their physical and cognitive abilities. Offering rehabilitation programs for stroke survivors is an example of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
- In a barangay health center, nurses conduct a health promotion campaign to encourage regular handwashing with soap and water among children to prevent the spread of gastrointestinal infections in the community. Promoting regular handwashing with soap and water among children is an example of which level of prevention in community health nursing in the Philippines?
A. Primary prevention
B. Secondary prevention
C. Tertiary prevention
D. Quaternary prevention
A. Primary prevention
Situation: Nurse Jaehyun is studying for his licensure exam and needs to review the health laws in the Philippines that impact nursing practice. He focuses on understanding the key legislation to ensure he provides care within legal guidelines.
- Which law in the Philippines focuses on integrating traditional and alternative medicine into the primary health care system?
A. RA 7875
B. RA 8423
C. RA 9211
D. RA 11332
B. RA 8423
- Which law in the Philippines governs the regulation and control of tobacco use?
A. RA 9211
B. RA 7394
C. RA 8749
D. RA 9165
A. RA 9211
- Which law in the Philippines mandates the creation of a comprehensive mental health program and aims to improve mental health services nationwide?
A. RA 11036
B. RA 9275
C. RA 11223
D. RA 10173
A. RA 11036
- Which legislation in the Philippines provides for the expansion of health care coverage and the integration of health services to ensure access to quality care for all Filipinos?
A. RA 11036
B. RA 7836
C. RA 11223
D. RA 8551
C. RA 11223
- Which law in the Philippines is responsible for transferring the control and responsibility of delivering basic health services to local government units?
A. RA 7875
B. RA 7160
C. RA 8423
D. RA 7164
B. RA 7160
Situation: Nurse Taeyeon is working in a community health clinic where the staff is facing a challenging ethical dilemma. The clinic has a limited budget for various essential resources and services. Taeyeon is involved in the discussion on how to make these decisions ethically, ensuring that all patients’ needs are considered fairly and compassionately.
- Nurse Taeyeon is faced with a situation where a patient, Mr. Kim, who has a terminal illness, wishes to discontinue all treatments despite his family’s desire to continue treatment. What principle should guide Taeyeon in respecting Mr. Kim’s decision?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
A. Autonomy
- Nurse Taeyeon discovers that a mistake was made in the administration of medication, which did not affect patient outcomes. The mistake was not reported, and Taeyeon is considering whether to disclose it to maintain transparency and trust. Which principle should guide her decision?
A. Veracity
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Autonomy
A. Veracity
- If Nurse Taeyeon needs to decide whether to allocate the medication to a patient who has recently arrived but is in critical condition, which principle should guide her decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
A. Beneficence
- If Nurse Taeyeon faces a situation where adhering to the ethical principles might lead to conflicts with the community’s expectations, which principle should guide her decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
C. Justice
- During a resource allocation meeting, Nurse Taeyeon is concerned that a proposed budget cut might lead to reduced staffing levels, potentially increasing patient wait times and compromising care quality. Which ethical principle should Taeyeon emphasize when arguing against the budget cut?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Veracity
D. Justice
B. Nonmaleficence
Situation: A community health nurse, Nurse Nayeon, is preparing for a local health campaign aimed at addressing a recent outbreak of measles in an urban barangay. The campaign involves educating the community about the signs and symptoms of measles, how it is transmitted, the benefits of vaccination, and specific advice for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. In addition, Nurse Nayeon is tasked with conducting contact tracing to prevent further spread of the disease.
- Nurse Nayeon is preparing educational materials about the signs and symptoms of measles for a local health campaign. What are the common signs and symptoms of measles?
A. High fever, rash, cough, runny nose, red eyes
B. Muscle aches, joint pain, diarrhea, sore throat
C. Headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue
D. Chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizziness
A. High fever, rash, cough, runny nose, red eyes
- Nurse Nayeon is preparing educational materials about measles transmission for a local school health program. How is measles transmitted from person to person?
A. Through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes
B. Through contaminated food or water
C. Through contact with infected animals
D. Through sexual contact with an infected person
A. Through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes
- Which virus is the causative agent of measles?
A. Rubella virus
B. Varicella-zoster virus
C. Paramyxovirus
D. Epstein-Barr virus
C. Paramyxovirus
- A pregnant woman visits a health center, concerned about her potential exposure to measles. What advice should Nurse Nayeon provide to the pregnant woman regarding measles?
A. Measles infection during pregnancy can lead to complications such as premature birth or low birth weight.
B. The measles vaccine is safe and recommended during pregnancy to protect both the mother and the baby.
C. If symptoms of measles develop, she should seek medical attention immediately.
D. All of the above
A. Measles infection during pregnancy can lead to complications such as premature birth or low birth weight.
- Nurse Nayeon is conducting contact tracing for a confirmed measles case in a community. What actions should the nurse take in conducting contact tracing for measles?
A. Identify and notify individuals who may have been exposed to measles.
B. Provide information about measles symptoms and vaccination to contacts.
C. Recommend isolation or quarantine for unvaccinated contacts.
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Situation: Nurse Joy is a senior nurse at a busy metropolitan hospital. She often encounters complex ethical dilemmas involving patient care, staff management, and resource allocation. She must apply her knowledge of ethical principles to navigate these challenges effectively.
- Nurse Joy is faced with a situation where a patient refuses a recommended treatment due to personal beliefs, but the treatment is critical for their recovery. Which ethical principle should Nurse Joy consider when respecting the patient’s decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Non-maleficence
D. Justice
B. Autonomy
- Nurse Joy is considering whether to report discrepancies in a research study funded by the hospital, which could affect patient care outcomes. Which ethical principle should guide her decision?
A. Veracity
B. Beneficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Justice
A. Veracity
- Nurse Joy is asked to participate in a research study that involves administering an experimental drug to patients without their explicit consent, as the study sponsor claims it is harmless. Which ethical principle should Nurse Joy prioritize?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Non-maleficence
A. Autonomy
- A terminally ill patient in severe pain requests that Nurse Joy administer a higher dose of pain medication than prescribed, knowing it could potentially hasten their death. Which ethical principle should Nurse Joy consider in making her decision?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Non-maleficence
D. Justice
C. Non-maleficence
- During a hospital staffing meeting, Nurse Joy is faced with a decision about how to fairly distribute shifts among staff members to cover a sudden influx of patients. Some staff members have requested time off, while others are willing to take on extra shifts. Which ethical principle should guide Nurse Joy in making the staffing decisions?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Non-maleficence
D. Justice
D. Justice
Situation: Nurse IU is responsible for implementing proper waste segregation practices in a hospital to ensure safety and compliance with environmental regulations.
- Nurse IU encounters used needles, syringes, and scalpel blades in the hospital ward. Which color-coded bin should she use for disposing of these items?
A. Black
B. Green
C. Yellow
D. Red
D. Red
- Nurse IU collects used gloves, used foley catheters, and used test strips from patient care activities. Which color-coded bin should she designate for disposing of these items?
A. Black
B. Green
C. Yellow
D. Yellow with black band
C. Yellow
- Nurse IU identifies empty bottles of laboratory reagents and expired medicines. Which color-coded bin should she use for disposing of these items?
A. Pink
B. Green
C. Yellow
D. Yellow with black band
D. Yellow with black band
- Nurse IU collects used paper products and packaging materials from administrative areas. Which color-coded bin should she designate for disposing of these items?
A. Black
B. Green
C. Pink
D. Orange
A. Black
- Nurse IU identifies radioactive materials used in diagnostic procedures, such as used x-ray films and test tubes containing radioactive substances. Which color-coded bin should she use for disposing of these items?
A. Black
B. Green
C. Orange
D. Red
C. Orange
Situation: Nurse Hoshi is tasked with educating a community about the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) of the Department of Health of the Philippines.
- Which of the following diseases is included in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) schedule in the Philippines for infants?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Dengue
C. Malaria
D. HIV/AIDS
A. Tuberculosis
- At what age is the first dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine administered under the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) schedule in the Philippines?
A. Birth
B. 6 weeks
C. 10 weeks
D. 14 weeks
A. Birth
- Which of the following is a normal progression of the skin reaction after receiving the BCG vaccine?
A. Immediate swelling followed by an ulcer
B. A small bump that becomes a larger ulcer before healing
C. Rapid disappearance of redness and swelling
D. Formation of a large, hard lump with significant pain
B. A small bump that becomes a larger ulcer before healing
- Which vaccine is NOT included in the routine childhood immunization schedule of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the Philippines?
A. Hepatitis B vaccine
B. MMR vaccine
C. Rotavirus vaccine
D. Yellow fever vaccine
D. Yellow fever vaccine
- Which disease is targeted for elimination through vaccination efforts under the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the Philippines?
A. Tuberculosis
B. Poliomyelitis
C. Malaria
D. HIV/AIDS
B. Poliomyelitis
Situation: Nurse Wonwoo is leading a community health workshop focused on the use of traditional medicinal plants endorsed by the DOH. To evaluate the attendees’ understanding of the uses and preparations of these plants, he presents the following question.
- Nurse Wonwoo is advising a patient with a persistent cough and fever. Which of the following traditional medicinal plants should he recommend?
A. Lagundi
B. Yerba Buena
C. Sambong
D. Guava
A. Lagundi
- Nurse Wonwoo is advising a patient with severe insect bites. Which plant should he recommend for topical application?
A. Lagundi
B. Yerba Buena
C. Guava
D. Akapulko
D. Akapulko
- Nurse Wonwoo is helping a patient who has been suffering from constipation and digestive issues. Which plant should he recommend for its anti-diarrheal properties?
A. Blumea balsamifera
B. Carmona retusa
C. Quisqualis indica L.
D. Mamordica Charantia
B. Carmona retusa
- Nurse Wonwoo needs to recommend a plant for a patient with a high uric acid level. Which plant should he choose for this condition?
A. Lagundi
B. Sambong
C. Ulasimang Bato
D. Bawang
C. Ulasimang Bato
- Nurse Wonwoo is preparing to advise a patient on a remedy for cough and cold. Which plant’s preparation should he recommend?
A. Ampalaya
B. Yerba Buena
C. Akapulko
D. Niyog-Niyogan
B. Yerba Buena
Situation: Nurse Baekhyun is working in a busy hospital ward and needs to ensure the safe administration of medications to patients.
- Nurse Baekhyun is preparing to insert an intravenous (IV) catheter. What is the correct angle for inserting the catheter into the vein to ensure proper placement?
A. 10-15 degrees
B. 25-30 degrees
C. 45-60 degrees
D. 75-90 degrees
B. 25-30 degrees
- What is the correct method for verifying a patient’s identity before administering medication?
A. Checking the patient’s chart
B. Asking the patient’s roommate
C. Using at least two patient identifiers
D. Looking at the patient’s bed number
C. Using at least two patient identifiers
- Which of the following is the primary reason for using aseptic technique during a procedure?
A. To enhance the healing process
B. To prevent the spread of infection
C. To improve patient comfort
D. To reduce the cost of healthcare
B. To prevent the spread of infection
- Nurse Baekhyun needs to check a patient’s blood pressure. Which of the following steps should be performed first?
A. Apply the blood pressure cuff to the patient’s arm
B. Ensure the patient has not smoked or exercised within the last 30 minutes
C. Inflate the cuff to the appropriate level
D. Position the patient’s arm at heart level
B. Ensure the patient has not smoked or exercised within the last 30 minutes
- Nurse Baekhyun has just finished administering a series of injections. What is the correct procedure for disposing of used needles and syringes?
A. Place them in a sharps container
B. Submerge them in a bleach solution and discard
C. Dispose of them in a regular trash bin
D. Rinse them and put them in a recycling bin
A. Place them in a sharps container
Situation: Nurse Hong Hae-in is working on developing a comprehensive care plan for a newly admitted patient, Mr. Baek Hyun-woo, who is a 65-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Mr. Baek Hyun-woo was admitted to the hospital with complaints of chest pain and shortness of breath. Upon admission, Nurse Hong needs to gather detailed health information, identify the patient’s problems, set measurable goals, implement appropriate interventions, and evaluate the outcomes of the care provided.
- What is the first step in the nursing process that Nurse Hong Hae-in should perform when developing a care plan for Mr. Baek Hyun-woo?
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Implementation
C. Assessment
- During the assessment phase, Nurse Hong Hae-in identifies that Mr. Baek Hyun-woo has elevated blood pressure and glucose levels. Which of the following activities is part of the diagnosis step in the nursing process?
A. Setting goals for patient care
B. Analyzing patient data to identify health problems
C. Implementing nursing interventions
D. Collecting patient health history
B. Analyzing patient data to identify health problems
- After identifying Mr. Baek Hyun-woo’s health problems, Nurse Hong Hae-in sets measurable and achievable goals for his care. Which step of the nursing process is being performed?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Implementation
C. Planning
- Nurse Hong Hae-in begins to administer medications and educate Mr. Baek Hyun-woo on lifestyle changes to manage his conditions. Which of the following describes the implementation step of the nursing process?
A. Evaluating the effectiveness of the nursing interventions
B. Carrying out the planned nursing interventions
C. Developing a comprehensive care plan
D. Diagnosing patient health problems
B. Carrying out the planned nursing interventions
- In the evaluation step of the nursing process, what is Nurse Hong Hae-in primarily focused on for Mr. Baek Hyun-woo?
A. Creating a nursing diagnosis
B. Collecting patient health data
C. Determining if patient goals have been met
D. Performing nursing interventions
C. Determining if patient goals have been met
Situation: Nurse Park Shin Hye is working in the perioperative unit of a large urban hospital. She is responsible for preparing patients for surgery, monitoring them during procedures, and providing postoperative care. Today, her patients include a 45-year-old female for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a 60-year-old male for hernia repair, and a 30-year-old female for a cesarean section.
- What is the primary goal of preoperative nursing care?
A. To assess the patient’s vital signs
B. To prepare the patient physically and emotionally for surgery
C. To administer medications
D. To discharge the patient
B. To prepare the patient physically and emotionally for surgery
- During the intraoperative phase, what is Nurse Park Shin Hye’s primary responsibility?
A. Administering anesthesia
B. Monitoring the patient’s vital signs and maintaining a sterile environment
C. Preparing the surgical instruments
D. Discharging the patient after surgery
B. Monitoring the patient’s vital signs and maintaining a sterile environment
- What is the purpose of the postoperative phase in perioperative nursing care?
A. To prepare the patient for surgery
B. To provide care and facilitate recovery after surgery
C. To administer preoperative medications
D. To educate the patient about the surgical procedure
B. To provide care and facilitate recovery after surgery
- Which of the following is a common postoperative complication that Nurse Park Shin Hye should monitor for?
A. Hypertension
B. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypokalemia
B. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- What is the main purpose of the preoperative checklist used by Nurse Park Shin Hye?
A. To ensure the patient has fasted appropriately
B. To verify that all necessary preoperative preparations have been completed
C. To administer preoperative medications
D. To prepare the operating room
B. To verify that all necessary preoperative preparations have been completed
Situation: Nurse Cha Eun Jae is currently pursuing her Master’s degree in Nursing and is working on her thesis related to patient outcomes in postoperative care. She is required to design a research study, select appropriate methodologies, collect data, and analyze the results. She needs to ensure her study is rigorous and adheres to ethical guidelines.
- What is the first step Nurse Cha Eun Jae should take when beginning her research study?
A. Conduct a literature review
B. Formulate a research question
C. Select a research design
D. Collect data
B. Formulate a research question
- After formulating her research question, what should Nurse Cha Eun Jae do next?
A. Develop a hypothesis
B. Conduct a literature review
C. Collect pilot data
D. Write the research proposal
B. Conduct a literature review
- Nurse Cha Eun Jae needs to decide on a research design for her study. Which of the following should she consider during this step?
A. Ethical approval
B. Data collection methods
C. Formulating a hypothesis
D. Writing the literature review
B. Data collection methods
- When Nurse Cha Eun Jae is ready to collect data, what should be her primary focus to ensure data quality?
A. Speed of data collection
B. Consistency and accuracy of data collection
C. Number of participants
D. Length of the questionnaire
B. Consistency and accuracy of data collection
- Nurse Cha Eun Jae is analyzing her collected data. What is the main purpose of this step in the research process?
A. To finalize the research question
B. To test the hypothesis and draw conclusions
C. To select the sample population
D. To obtain ethical approval
B. To test the hypothesis and draw conclusions
Situation: You are a public health consultant tasked with implementing a comprehensive community development program in a rural area with various social, economic, and environmental challenges. Your goal is to ensure that your strategies align with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations.
- Your program aims to empower women and girls in the community. Which SDG aligns with this objective?
A. SDG 1
B. SDG 4
C. SDG 5
D. SDG 10
C. SDG 5
- If your program aims to promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all, which SDG should it align with?
A. SDG 7
B. SDG 8
C. SDG 9
D. SDG 12
B. SDG 8
- You want to ensure the community has access to clean water and sanitation. Which SDG should guide your efforts?
A. SDG 4
B. SDG 5
C. SDG 6
D. SDG 13
C. SDG 6
- To improve the community’s resilience and capacity to recover from natural disasters, which SDG should be your priority?
A. SDG 1
B. SDG 9
C. SDG 11
D. SDG 15
C. SDG 11
- Your program includes initiatives to combat climate change. Which SDG aligns with this focus?
A. SDG 7
B. SDG 12
C. SDG 13
D. SDG 15
C. SDG 13
Situation: Key, a 58-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), was recently admitted to the hospital after a severe exacerbation. His respiratory condition deteriorated, leading to an emergency tracheostomy to establish a secure airway. The nursing staff is now tasked with managing Key’s tracheostomy care to ensure he maintains a stable respiratory status and avoids complications.
- Immediately after Key’s tracheostomy procedure, the nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
A. Encouraging the patient to try speaking
B. Administering prescribed antibiotics
C. Assessing for bilateral breath sounds and proper tube placement
D. Initiating enteral feedings as ordered
C. Assessing for bilateral breath sounds and proper tube placement
- Why is hyperoxygenation essential before tracheal suctioning in Key’s case?
A. To prevent mucus from becoming too thick
B. To eliminate the need for suctioning
C. To minimize the risk of hypoxia during suctioning
D. To ensure the cuff is properly inflated
C. To minimize the risk of hypoxia during suctioning
- Key presents with subcutaneous emphysema around his tracheostomy site. This finding indicates which complication?
A. Infection
B. Hemorrhage
C. Pneumothorax
D. Tracheoesophageal fistula
C. Pneumothorax
- Which type of tracheostomy tube would allow Key to speak?
A. Double-lumen tube
B. Single-lumen tube
C. Fenestrated tube
D. Cuffed tube
C. Fenestrated tube
- Key is anxious about his tracheostomy and asks if he will ever be able to eat normally again. What should the nurse explain to him?
A. “You will not be able to eat normally with a tracheostomy.”
B. “You can eat normally once the tracheostomy tube is removed.”
C. “You can eat, but the cuff must be inflated during meals to prevent aspiration.”
D. “You will need to rely on enteral feeding indefinitely.”
C. “You can eat, but the cuff must be inflated during meals to prevent aspiration.”
- Gu Jun-pyo is suspected of having poliomyelitis after recent travel to an endemic area. What is the causative agent of poliomyelitis?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungus
C. Virus
D. Parasite
C. Virus
- Poliomyelitis is known for its specific modes of transmission. Which of the following is the primary mode of transmission for poliomyelitis?
*
A. Direct contact with respiratory droplets
B. Airborne particles
C. Fecal-oral route
D. Vector-borne transmission
C. Fecal-oral route
- To confirm a diagnosis of poliomyelitis, specific diagnostic tests are used to detect the presence of the virus. What is one of the primary diagnostic methods used to identify poliovirus?
A. Blood smear
B. Urinalysis
C. Stool culture
D. Chest X-ray
C. Stool culture
- The Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is given in a specific dosage to ensure its effectiveness. What is the standard dosage for OPV?
A. 0.5 mL
B. 1 mL
C. 2 drops
D. 5 drops
C. 2 drops
- The nurse is educating a parent about the poliomyelitis vaccination schedule for their child. Which statements about the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) and Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) are correct?
- OPV is administered as 2 drops orally.
- IPV should be administered intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle for infants.
- The first dose of IPV is given at 3 ½ months of age.
- OPV should be administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 6-18 months.
- IPV is administered intramuscularly in the anterolateral thigh for infants.
A. 1, 3, 4
B. 1, 2, 5
C. 2, 3, 5
D. 1, 3, 5
D. 1, 3, 5
Situation: Ryu Sun Jae, a 35-year-old male, has recently returned from a vacation in Palawan, Philippines, where malaria is endemic. He presents at the clinic with complaints of fever, chills, headaches, and muscle aches for the past three days. He did not take any preventive measures against malaria during his stay.
- Which species of Plasmodium is most commonly associated with severe malaria in the Philippines?
A. Plasmodium vivax
B. Plasmodium ovale
C. Plasmodium malariae
D. Plasmodium falciparum
D. Plasmodium falciparum
- Which type of mosquito is the primary vector for transmitting malaria?
A. Aedes
B. Culex
C. Anopheles
D. Mansonia
C. Anopheles
- Which blood smear finding is most indicative of malaria?
A. Presence of parasites
B. Elevated white blood cell count
C. Increased hemoglobin levels
D. Decreased platelet count
A. Presence of parasites
- Which drug is commonly used for chemoprophylaxis against malaria and should be started 1-2 weeks before entering an endemic area?
A. Quinine
B. Chloroquine
C. Primaquine
D. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT)
B. Chloroquine
- What is the typical incubation period for Plasmodium falciparum malaria?
A. 1-7 days
B. 9-14 days
C. 12-18 days
D. 18-40 days
B. 9-14 days
Situation: Do Da-hee, a 35-year-old woman, presents to the clinic with complaints of persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, and occasional bloody stools for the past three weeks. She mentions recent travel to an area with poor sanitation. On examination, she appears fatigued and has mild abdominal tenderness in the right upper quadrant. Stool tests are ordered to investigate the cause of her symptoms.
- Which diagnostic test would most likely confirm the presence of Entamoeba histolytica?
A. Blood culture
B. Stool examination
C. Urinalysis
D. Chest X-ray
B. Stool examination
- What is the primary mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica?
A. Direct contact with infected individuals
B. Contaminated food and water
C. Inhalation of spores
D. Vector-borne (e.g., mosquitoes)
B. Contaminated food and water
- What is the drug of choice for treating the intestinal phase of amoebiasis?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Metronidazole
C. Fluconazole
D. Loratadine
B. Metronidazole
- What is the typical incubation period for symptoms of amoebiasis after exposure?
A. 1 to 2 days
B. 1 to 2 weeks
C. 2 to 4 weeks
D. 1 to 3 months
C. 2 to 4 weeks
- What is the most common extraintestinal complication of amoebiasis?
A. Skin rash
B. Liver abscess
C. Pneumonia
D. Myocarditis
B. Liver abscess
- Which preventive measure is crucial for reducing the risk of amoebiasis?
A. Regular use of insect repellent
B. Safe drinking water and proper sanitation
C. Wearing protective clothing
D. Vaccination
B. Safe drinking water and proper sanitation
